{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:20:48Z","timestamp":1783470048307,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurosurg Case Lessons"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postoperative spinal cord herniation (SCH) is an exceptionally rare but serious delayed complication of cervical decompressive surgery, resulting from a dorsal dural defect associated with pseudomeningocele formation. The authors report the case of a 73-year-old man who developed quadriparesis 6 years after C3\u20136 laminoplasty for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MRI demonstrated dorsal herniation of the spinal cord through a dural defect into a cystic lesion consistent with a postoperative pseudomeningocele at C4. Reexploration via a posterior midline approach revealed a 3-mm dorsal dural defect with an entrapped spinal cord. Following adhesion dissection and reduction of the herniated cord, duraplasty using a collagen-based dural substitute was performed. Postoperative imaging confirmed successful cord repositioning. Neurological symptoms improved, and no recurrence was observed during the 7-month follow-up period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Including this case, only 17 cases of postoperative SCH have been reported, most of which occurred after posterior cervical surgery with intraoperative dural injury or incomplete repair. The proposed mechanism involves gradual cord herniation and tethering through a postoperative dural defect under the influence of CSF pulsation and cervical motion. Early recognition and meticulous watertight dural reconstruction are crucial for favorable neurological recovery and the prevention of recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE26136\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE26136<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case26136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:17:12Z","timestamp":1782865032000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spinal cord herniation following cervical laminoplasty: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5364-9203","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Takayuki","family":"Nagase","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1898-4020","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Susumu","family":"Sasada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Kurashiki Heisei Hospital, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Chinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1243-9733","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yasuaki","family":"Hirose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyohei","family":"Kin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shota","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"bib1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"131","article-title":"Herniation of the spinal cord. Case report","volume":"82","author":"Kumar","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kumar RTaha JGreiner AL.Herniation of the spinal cord. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1995;82(1):131-136. doi:10.3171\/jns.1995.82.1.0131"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"533","article-title":"Herniation of the spinal cord into an iatrogenic meningocele. Case report","volume":"39","author":"Cobb","year":"1973","unstructured":"Cobb CEhni G.Herniation of the spinal cord into an iatrogenic meningocele. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1973;39(4):533-536. doi:10.3171\/jns.1973.39.4.0533"},{"issue":"19","key":"bib3","series-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)","first-page":"2147","article-title":"Postoperative cervical pseudomeningocele with herniation of the spinal cord","volume":"20","author":"Hosono","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hosono NYonenobu KOno K.Postoperative cervical pseudomeningocele with herniation of the spinal cord. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1995;20(19):2147-2150. doi:10.1097\/00007632-199510000-00014"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib4","series-title":"Nagoya J Med Sci","first-page":"383","article-title":"Postoperative iatrogenic spinal cord herniation: three case reports with a literature review","volume":"82","author":"Nakashima","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakashima HIshikawa YKato FPostoperative iatrogenic spinal cord herniation: three case reports with a literature review. Nagoya J Med Sci. 2020;82(2):383-389. doi:10.18999\/nagjms.82.2.383"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib5","series-title":"Spine J","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Spinal cord herniation after resection of cervical spinal neurofibroma with a unique presentation","volume":"15","author":"Abd Elwahab","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abd Elwahab SMO\u2019Sullivan MJ.Spinal cord herniation after resection of cervical spinal neurofibroma with a unique presentation. Spine J. 2015;15(4):e1-e3. doi:10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.12.007"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib6","series-title":"Spine J","first-page":"e43","article-title":"Postoperative spinal cord herniation with pseudomeningocele in the cervical spine: a case report","volume":"13","author":"Moriyama","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moriyama TTachibana TMaruo KInoue SOkada FYoshiya S.Postoperative spinal cord herniation with pseudomeningocele in the cervical spine: a case report. Spine J. 2013;13(10):e43-e45. doi:10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.05.057"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib7","series-title":"Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"739","article-title":"A case of postoperative spinal cord herniation following cervical laminoplasty","volume":"72","author":"Shimada","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shimada HYahiro YYamamoto Tsakamoto H.A case of postoperative spinal cord herniation following cervical laminoplasty. 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No Shinkei Geka. 1986;14(5):681-685."},{"issue":"4","key":"bib12","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"724","article-title":"Transdural herniation of the cervical spinal cord as a complication of a broken fracture-fixation wire","volume":"8","author":"Dunn","year":"1987","unstructured":"Dunn VSmoker WRMenezes AH.Transdural herniation of the cervical spinal cord as a complication of a broken fracture-fixation wire. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1987;8(4):724-726."},{"issue":"3","key":"bib13","series-title":"Chubu Nippon Orthop Traumatic Surg Soc J","first-page":"519","article-title":"A case of postoperative spinal cord herniation","volume":"49","author":"Itohara","year":"2006","unstructured":"Itohara HFu TTachibana SLi HYoshiya S.A case of postoperative spinal cord herniation. 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Spine J. 2014;14(5):856-857. doi:10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.12.017"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib17","series-title":"Asian Spine J","first-page":"355","article-title":"Posterior trans-dural repair of iatrogenic spinal cord herniation after resection of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament","volume":"10","author":"Hyun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hyun SJKim HKKim KJJahng TAKim HJ.Posterior trans-dural repair of iatrogenic spinal cord herniation after resection of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament. 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