{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:29:34Z","timestamp":1786494574074,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurosurg Case Lessons"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Optic pathway cavernous malformations (CMs) are rare lesions that may cause progressive or fluctuating visual deterioration through recurrent hemorrhage and chronic compression. Optimal management and surgical timing remain controversial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBSERVATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 30-year-old male presented with progressive right-sided visual decline after recurrent episodes of visual loss since 2018. Initial near-complete visual loss was followed by spontaneous recovery, supporting conservative follow-up. Sustained deterioration later prompted reevaluation. Neuro-ophthalmological examination demonstrated optic disc pallor, retinal nerve fiber layer defects on optical coherence tomography, and severe temporal and inferior visual field deficits. MRI revealed a hemorrhagic lesion intrinsic to the right optic nerve adjacent to the internal carotid artery bifurcation, consistent with a CM. The lesion was resected through a right pterional transsylvian approach with optic canal unroofing and falciform ligament release. Gross-total resection was achieved while preserving the pial vascular supply and surrounding perforators. Postoperative imaging confirmed complete excision, and visual function partially improved at 3 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>LESSONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Timely microsurgical treatment may be considered for symptomatic optic nerve CMs with progressive or recurrent visual deterioration before irreversible injury develops. A transsylvian approach with optic canal decompression can provide favorable exposure while limiting manipulation of the optic apparatus and adjacent neurovascular structures.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE26503\">https:\/\/thejns.org\/doi\/10.3171\/CASE26503<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/case26503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:01:15Z","timestamp":1786492875000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microsurgical resection of an intrinsic optic nerve cavernous malformation through a transsylvian approach: illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Oguz","family":"Baran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Ko\u00e7 University, Istanbul"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Furkan","family":"Almas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Ko\u00e7 University, Istanbul"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talat","family":"Kiris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Amerikan Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"bib1","series-title":"Nat Rev Neurol","first-page":"659","article-title":"Cavernous malformations: natural history, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"5","author":"Batra","year":"2009","unstructured":"Batra SLin DRecinos PFZhang JRigamonti D.Cavernous malformations: natural history, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2009;5(12):659-670. doi:10.1038\/nrneurol.2009.177"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib2","series-title":"J Clin Neurosci","first-page":"258","article-title":"Anterior visual pathway cavernous malformations","volume":"22","author":"Tan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tan TTee JWTrost NMcKelvie PWang YY.Anterior visual pathway cavernous malformations. J Clin Neurosci. 2015;22(2):258-267. doi:10.1016\/j.jocn.2014.07.027"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"838","article-title":"Cavernous hemangioma of the optic canal. Report of two cases","volume":"60","author":"Costa e Silva","year":"1984","unstructured":"Costa e Silva ISymon L.Cavernous hemangioma of the optic canal. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg. 1984;60(4):838-841. doi:10.3171\/jns.1984.60.4.0838"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib4","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"444","article-title":"Cavernous angioma of the optic nerve. Case report","volume":"31","author":"Hassler","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hassler WZentner JPetersen D.Cavernous angioma of the optic nerve. Case report. Surg Neurol. 1989;31(6):444-447. doi:10.1016\/0090-3019(89)90089-X"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib5","series-title":"J Neuroophthalmol","first-page":"126","article-title":"Cavernous malformation of the optic nerve mimicking optic neuritis","volume":"30","author":"Cerase","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cerase AFranceschini RBattistini SMaria Vallone IMPenco SVenturi C.Cavernous malformation of the optic nerve mimicking optic neuritis. J Neuroophthalmol. 2010;30(2):126-131. doi:10.1097\/WNO.0b013e3181ceb428"},{"issue":"suppl 12","key":"bib6","series-title":"Surg Neurol Int","first-page":"S455","article-title":"Surgical management of cavernous malformation of the optic nerve with canalicular extension","volume":"5","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves VMGon\u00e7alves V.Surgical management of cavernous malformation of the optic nerve with canalicular extension. Surg Neurol Int. 2014;5(suppl 12):S455-S460. doi:10.4103\/2152-7806.143723"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib7","series-title":"J Neuroophthalmol","first-page":"108","article-title":"Cavernous malformation of the optic nerve and chiasm: prompt suspicion and surgery matter","volume":"42","author":"Kostic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kostic MSubramanian PSFalcone SFCavernous malformation of the optic nerve and chiasm: prompt suspicion and surgery matter. J Neuroophthalmol. 2022;42(1):108-114. doi:10.1097\/WNO.0000000000001238"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib8","series-title":"Oper Neurosurg","first-page":"291","article-title":"Cavernous malformations of the optic nerve and optic pathway: a case series and systematic review of the literature","volume":"21","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Srinivasan VMKoester SWWang MSCavernous malformations of the optic nerve and optic pathway: a case series and systematic review of the literature. Oper Neurosurg. 2021;21(5):291-302. doi:10.1093\/ons\/opab284"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib9","series-title":"Radiol Case Rep","first-page":"190","article-title":"The rare case of optic nerve cavernoma: a case report depicting the diagnostic challenge","volume":"19","author":"Sharma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sharma R.The rare case of optic nerve cavernoma: a case report depicting the diagnostic challenge. Radiol Case Rep. 2024;19(1):190-199. doi:10.1016\/j.radcr.2023.09.018"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib10","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","first-page":"699","article-title":"Complete resection of a cavernous haemangioma of the optic nerve, the chiasm, and the optic tract","volume":"149","author":"Hempelmann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hempelmann RGMater ESchr\u00f6der FSch\u00f6n R.Complete resection of a cavernous haemangioma of the optic nerve, the chiasm, and the optic tract. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2007;149(7):699-703. doi:10.1007\/s00701-007-1163-8"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/12\/6\/article-CASE26503.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/12\/6\/article-CASE26503.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/12\/6\/article-CASE26503.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:01:15Z","timestamp":1786492875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-case-lessons\/12\/6\/article-CASE26503.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/case26503","relation":{},"ISSN":["2694-1902"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2694-1902","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]}}}