{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T09:01:16Z","timestamp":1780131676763,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume depletion, due to CSF leakage or CSF shunt overdrainage, is typically indicated when patients present with orthostatic headaches, with or without several other symptoms: neck or interscapular pain, nausea, emesis, diplopia, changes in hearing, visual blurring, facial numbness or weakness, and radicular upper-limb symptoms. Cerebrospinal fluid pressures typically are quite low and head magnetic resonance images typically reveal diffuse pachy-meningeal gadolinium enhancement, with or without evidence of sagging of the brain and less frequently with subdural fluid collections, enlarged cerebral venous sinuses or pituitary gland or decreased ventricular size.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging has revolutionized detection of spontaneous CSF leaks, leading to identification of far more cases and recognition of several clinical\/imaging forms of presentation of the disorder. These forms, which are different from the \u201ctypical\u201d presentation, include a group with consistently normal CSF pressures (normal pressure), another group without abnormal meningeal enhancement (normal meninges), and a group without headache (acephalic). Each of these forms can be seen in a setting of documented and ongoing CSF volume depletion. Awareness of CSF volume depletion is increasing, and its clinical and imaging spectrum is broadening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2000.9.1.6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T06:51:29Z","timestamp":1201157489000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Cerebrospinal fluid volume depletion and its emerging clinical\/imaging syndromes"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Bahram","family":"Mokri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.88.2.0237"},{"key":"p_2","first-page":"325","volume":"66","author":"Baker CC","year":"1983","journal-title":"Minn Med"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-7071(99)00109-6"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.89.3.0470"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.10.5.512"},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1985.tb10801.x","volume":"40","author":"Crawford JS","year":"1985","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.59.5.516"},{"key":"p_8","first-page":"226","volume":"51","author":"DiGiovanni AJ","year":"1972","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"p_9","first-page":"1001","volume":"19","author":"Dillon WP","year":"1998","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)12448-0"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.3_Part_1.609"},{"key":"p_13","first-page":"200","volume":"15","author":"Front D","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.1997.3705291.x"},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198805000-00020"},{"key":"p_16","first-page":"565","volume":"21","author":"Gormley JB","year":"1960","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.52.2.218"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.2.406","volume":"52","author":"Hochman MS","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.8.1628","volume":"42","author":"Hochman MS","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(94)31340-6"},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.26.2.135","volume":"26","author":"Labadie EL","year":"1976","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1970.hed1002063.x"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3004192.x"},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.88.5.0912"},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/74.11.1113"},{"key":"p_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.2.402","volume":"53","author":"Mokri B","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"p_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.3.786","volume":"51","author":"Mokri B","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"p_30","first-page":"294","volume":"30","author":"Mokri B","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"p_31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.10.1801"},{"key":"p_32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/72.5.400"},{"key":"p_33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1990.1002059.x"},{"key":"p_34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.46.12.1149"},{"key":"p_35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.7.869"},{"key":"p_36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.5.919"},{"key":"p_37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197910000-00012"},{"key":"p_38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.6.1854"},{"key":"p_39","first-page":"1034","volume":"19","author":"Rabin BM","year":"1998","journal-title":"AJNR"},{"key":"p_40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.3.481"},{"key":"p_41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3004197.x"},{"key":"p_42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-195001000-00003"},{"key":"p_43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198505000-00009"},{"key":"p_44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1991.1106275.x"},{"key":"p_45","first-page":"290","volume":"3","author":"Schaltenbrand G","year":"1938","journal-title":"Zentrablbl Neurochir"},{"key":"p_46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(53)91948-5"},{"key":"p_47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.88.2.0243"},{"key":"p_48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)62417-8"},{"key":"p_49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2910630.x"},{"key":"p_50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1992.hed3202084.x"},{"key":"p_51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000153234"},{"key":"p_52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198606000-00028"},{"key":"p_54","first-page":"293","volume":"46","author":"Usubiaga JE","year":"1967","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"p_55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-199703000-00022"},{"key":"p_56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.89.3.0483"},{"key":"p_57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-8467(91)90010-M"},{"key":"p_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)36692-5","volume":"24","author":"Woltman HW","year":"1940","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"p_59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.32.228"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Focus"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/9\/1\/foc.2000.9.1.6.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/9\/1\/foc.2000.9.1.6.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/9\/1\/foc.2000.9.1.6.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T08:12:51Z","timestamp":1780128771000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/neurosurg-focus\/9\/1\/foc.2000.9.1.6.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/foc.2000.9.1.6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-0684"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-0684","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]}}}