{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T09:06:04Z","timestamp":1780131964845,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FOC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\u2713 Cushing's syndrome can present a complex problem of differential diagnosis. Of cases in which hypercortisolemia results from an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)\u2013dependent process, approximately 80% are due to a pituitary adenoma (Cushing's disease [CD]), 10% are due to adrenal lesions, and the remaining 10% are secondary to ectopic ACTH secretion. For patients with CD, surgical removal of the pituitary adenoma is the treatment of choice. Thus, localization of the source of ACTH secretion is critical in guiding timely treatment decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) is considered to be the gold standard for confirming the origin of ACTH secretion in patients with Cushing's syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The authors present an overview of IPSS\u2014both the technique and its interpretation\u2014as well as a summary of recent studies. A number of other techniques are discussed including sampling from the cavernous sinus, the jugular vein, and multiple sites to aid the diagnosis and lateralization of ACTH-producing pituitary adenomas. Management is best undertaken by a comprehensive multidisciplinary team taking into account the results of all the biochemical and imaging studies available, to provide the best advice in patient treatment decisions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2007.23.3.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T07:25:20Z","timestamp":1201159520000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["The role of inferior petrosal sinus sampling in the diagnostic localization of Cushing's disease"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Shivanand P.","family":"Lad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chirag G.","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward R.","family":"Laws","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Katznelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-02300e2","series-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5593","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030871","article-title":"Diagnosis and complications of Cushing's syndrome: a consensus statement","volume":"88","author":"Arnaldi","year":"2003"},{"key":"b2-02300e2","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"690","article-title":"Adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushing's syndrome: sensitivity and specificity of inferior petrosal sinus sampling","volume":"21","author":"Bonelli","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3-02300e2","series-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab","first-page":"2291","article-title":"Improved diagnostic accuracy of inferior petrosal sinus sampling over imaging for localizing pituitary pathology in patients with Cushing's disease","volume":"83","author":"Booth","year":"1998"},{"key":"b4-02300e2","series-title":"Eur J Endocrinol","first-page":"499","article-title":"Inferior petrosal sinus sampling in the differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome: results of an Italian multicenter study","volume":"144","author":"Colao","year":"2001"},{"key":"b5-02300e2","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197704142961508","article-title":"Selective venous sampling to differentiate ectopic ACTH secretion from pituitary Cushing's syndrome","volume":"296","author":"Corrigan","year":"1977"},{"key":"b6-02300e2","series-title":"Sem Hop","first-page":"2747","article-title":"[Latent pituitary adenoma. 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