{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:20:49Z","timestamp":1790050849311,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\u2713The authors present a case in which high-frequency electrical stimulation of the cingulum using standard deep brain stimulation (DBS) technology resulted in pain relief similar to that achieved with cingulotomy and superior to that achieved with periventricular gray matter (PVG) stimulation.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>This patient had a complete spinal cord injury at the C-4 level and suffered from medically refractory neuropathic pain. He underwent placement of bilateral cingulum and unilateral PVG DBS electrodes and a 1-week blinded stimulation trial prior to permanent implantation of a pulse generator. During the stimulation trial, the patient's pain level was assessed using a visual analog scale, and pain medication usage was recorded. During this period the patient was blinded to stimulation parameters. Stimulation of the cingulum provided better pain control than PVG stimulation or medication alone.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>The authors believe that cingulum stimulation can benefit patients with severe neuropathic pain that is refractory to other treatments. Advantages over cingulotomy include reversibility and the ability to adjust stimulation parameters for optimum efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns-07\/07\/0169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T12:54:27Z","timestamp":1201179267000},"page":"169-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Neuromodulation of the cingulum for neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Spooner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Sillay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-1070169","series-title":"Surgical Management of Pain","first-page":"812","article-title":"Stereotactic cingulotomy for the treatment of chronic pain","author":"Abdelaziz","year":"2002"},{"key":"b2-1070169","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.4.819","article-title":"Impairments of attention after cingulotomy","volume":"53","author":"Cohen","year":"1999"},{"key":"b3-1070169","series-title":"Gen Pharmacol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-3623(96)00359-X","article-title":"The pharmacology of excitatory and inhibitory amino acid-mediated events in the transmission and modulation of pain in the spinal cord","volume":"28","author":"Dickenson","year":"1997"},{"key":"b4-1070169","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1962.19.2.0089","article-title":"Pain \u201crelief\u201d by frontal cingulumotomy","volume":"19","author":"Foltz","year":"1962"},{"key":"b5-1070169","series-title":"Brain Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(96)01035-9","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of the cingulum bundle and surrounding cortical tissue reduces formalin-test pain in the rat","volume":"743","author":"Fuchs","year":"1996"},{"key":"b6-1070169","series-title":"Textbook of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery","first-page":"1417","article-title":"Destructive central lesions for persistent pain. 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