{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:31:25Z","timestamp":1789515085826,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JNS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\u2713 Primary pituitary lymphomas (PPLs) are rare tumors of the central nervous system, and most are of B-cell origin. Extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphomas are uncommon neoplasms that are highly aggressive and show a strong association with Epstein\u2013Barr virus. They most commonly affect the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses; manifestation as a primary pituitary tumor has never been described. The authors report a case of NK\/T-cell lymphoma of the pituitary gland and review 17 cases of PPL from the literature.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>All patients had been evaluated at presentation for clinical, neuroimaging, and histopathological findings. Patients who had systemic lymphoma with secondary involvement of the pituitary gland were excluded. The mean patient age was 55.5 years (range 26\u201386 years); the male\/female ratio was 13:5. The most common presentation was pituitary insufficiency (72%), followed by headache (56%), diplopia (39%), visual loss (28%), and fever (22%). Thirteen patients (72%) exhibited anterior hypopituitarism and seven (39%) had diabetes insipidus at presentation. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated enhancing parasellar masses with diffuse enlargement of the pituitary gland (94%), suprasellar extension (44%), cavernous sinus extension (39%), and stalk thickening (22%). Thirteen patients (72%) had B-cell lymphoma, four (22%) had T-cell lymphoma, and one (6%) had NK\/T-cell lymphoma.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Primary pituitary lymphomas are rare entities with a range of clinical presentations and neuroimaging findings that are unique from those of patients who present with pituitary adenomas. The pathological entity of NK\/T-cell lymphoma is distinct, and its course is very aggressive with a poor prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns-07\/09\/0660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T12:54:10Z","timestamp":1201179250000},"page":"660-665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Extranodal NK\/T-cell lymphoma presenting as a pituitary mass"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"James K.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Evanston, Illinois; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Sayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven S.","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William T.","family":"Couldwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurosurgery and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-1070660","series-title":"Acta Pathol Jpn","first-page":"459","article-title":"Hashimoto's thyroiditis as a risk factor of thyroid lymphoma","volume":"40","author":"Aozasa","year":"1990"},{"key":"b2-1070660","series-title":"Am J Hematol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8652(200004)63:4<231::AID-AJH14>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphoma in a pituitary adenoma: an unusual cause of pituitary apoplexy","volume":"63","author":"Au","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3-1070660","series-title":"Ann Oncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdg458","article-title":"Autologous stem cell transplantation for nasal NK\/T-cell lymphoma: a progress report on its value","volume":"14","author":"Au","year":"2003"},{"key":"b4-1070660","series-title":"Ann Oncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdi037","article-title":"Clinicopathologic features and treatment outcome of mature T-cell and natural killer-cell lymphomas diagnosed according to the World Health Organization classification scheme: a single center experience of 10 years","volume":"16","author":"Au","year":"2005"},{"key":"b5-1070660","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.3.393","article-title":"MRI features of primary central nervous system lymphomas at presentation","volume":"57","author":"Buhring","year":"2001"},{"key":"b6-1070660","series-title":"Semin Hematol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0037-1963(03)00136-7","article-title":"Natural killer cell neoplasms: a distinctive group of highly aggressive lymphomas\/leukemias","volume":"40","author":"Cheung","year":"2003"},{"key":"b7-1070660","series-title":"Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19970615)79:12<2409::AID-CNCR17>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Will central nervous system lymphoma be the most frequent brain tumor diagnosed in the year 2000?","volume":"79","author":"Corn","year":"1997"},{"key":"b8-1070660","series-title":"Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19881201)62:11<2461::AID-CNCR2820621135>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Increasing incidence of primary brain lymphoma in the US","volume":"62","author":"Eby","year":"1988"},{"key":"b9-1070660","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-11-199312010-00007","article-title":"Primary central nervous system lymphoma","volume":"119","author":"Fine","year":"1993"},{"key":"b10-1070660","series-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(05)70058-X","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of sellar masses","volume":"28","author":"Freda","year":"1999"},{"key":"b11-1070660","series-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4567","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.10.7909","article-title":"Clinical review 136. 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