{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T20:18:16Z","timestamp":1694636296984},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\u2713 Hemodynamic insufficiency resulting from extracranial vertebral artery stenosis or occlusion is believed to be the major cause of vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attacks. The major difficulties in treating this disorder have been exposure of the vertebral artery distal to the stenosis and the risk of vertebral artery cross-clamping for vein grafting or carotid artery transposition. The authors describe a new technique for vertebral artery reconstruction at any level by the use of an intraluminal shunt, thus avoiding the necessity to cross-clamp the artery. This procedure was successfully performed at all three levels of the extracranial vertebral artery: C7-4, C3-1, and C-1 to the foramen magnum. The technique of exposure of the vertebral artery at these three levels and the method of vein grafting without cross-clamping are described. The initial results of the procedure are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.62.3.0334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,8]],"date-time":"2009-05-08T16:19:17Z","timestamp":1241799557000},"page":"334-339","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Revascularization of the extracranial vertebral artery at any level without cross-clamping"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Howard J.","family":"Senter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sami M.","family":"Bittar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edwin T.","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198101000-00011","article-title":"Microsurgical endarterectomy of the intracranial vertebral artery for vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attacks.","volume":"8","author":"Allen","year":"1981"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Arch Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1976.01360270048009","article-title":"Vertebral artery bypass.","volume":"111","author":"Berguer","year":"1976"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"109","article-title":"External carotid-vertebral anastomosis for vertebrobasilar insufficiency.","volume":"7","author":"Corkill","year":"1977"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"J Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"205","article-title":"Surgical management of vertebral-basilar insufficiency.","volume":"17","author":"Cormier","year":"1976"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Ann Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-196110000-00016","article-title":"Surgical considerations of occlusive disease of the innominate, carotid, subclavian, and vertebral arteries.","volume":"154","author":"De Bakey","year":"1961"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Surgery","first-page":"20","article-title":"The surgical approach to significant stenosis of vertebral and subclavian arteries.","volume":"87","author":"Edwards","year":"1980"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.8.3.316","article-title":"Possible prevention of brain stem stroke by microvascular anastomosis in the vertebrobasilar system.","volume":"8","author":"Khodadad","year":"1977"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1970.32.5.0512","article-title":"Surgical treatment of vertebral artery insufficiency caused by cervical spondylosis.","volume":"32","author":"Nagashima","year":"1970"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1970.33.4.0388","article-title":"Effects of temporary occlusion of a vertebral artery on the human vestibular system.","volume":"33","author":"Nagashima","year":"1970"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198111000-00006","article-title":"Vertebral artery disease: radiological evaluation, medical management, and microsurgical treatment.","volume":"9","author":"Pritz","year":"1981"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-198201000-00008","article-title":"Occipital artery to posterior inferior cerebellar artery bypass for vertebrobasilar ischemia.","volume":"10","author":"Roski","year":"1982"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.58.4.0607","article-title":"Subclavian to distal vertebral artery bypass. 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