{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T20:55:24Z","timestamp":1771707324950,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\u2713 Ten patients with dementia due to normal-pressure hydrocephalus were evaluated prospectively according to a planned, longitudinal protocol for 4 to 12 months. Information recorded at each visit included clinical history, medical and neurological examination, psychometric scoring by Mini-Mental Status Questionnaire, measurement of ventricular size and local cerebral blood flow, and partition coefficients (local lambda changes) (l\u03bb) by xenon contrast computerized tomography scanning. Cerebrospinal fluid shunting was carried out in eight cases. Serial evaluations were repeated at intervals up to 8 months after shunting, and demonstrated that the ventricles decreased in size and periventricular hypodensities decreased. White matter l\u03bb values and blood flows and cortical gray matter flows progressively increased for 3 months after shunting, and remained increased except for one case complicated by chronic alcoholism. Clinical recovery correlated with improved cerebral perfusion. There were returns of urinary continence and improvements in gait and usually in activities of daily living. Mentation was the last factor to improve. Factors negatively influencing cerebral perfusion and clinical recovery were shunt failures and various contributing causes of dementia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.62.4.0513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,8]],"date-time":"2009-05-08T16:18:30Z","timestamp":1241799510000},"page":"513-521","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Evaluation of treatment of normal-pressure hydrocephalus"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"John S.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhisa","family":"Kitagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Tanahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisao","family":"Tachibana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prasab","family":"Kandula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Cech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guy L.","family":"Clifton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196507152730301","article-title":"Symptomatic occult hydrocephalus with \u201cnormal\u201d cerebrospinal-fluid pressure. A treatable syndrome.","volume":"273","author":"Adams","year":"1965"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198210000-00010","article-title":"Stable xenon CT cerebral blood flow measurements computed by a single compartment-double integration model in normal aging and dementia.","volume":"6","author":"Amano","year":"1982"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197009172831201","article-title":"Diagnosis of normal-pressure hydrocephalus.","volume":"283","author":"Benson","year":"1970"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1980.52.3.0371","article-title":"Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Results of shunting in 62 patients.","volume":"52","author":"Black","year":"1980"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Psychiatr Res","first-page":"189","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state.\u201d A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician.","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.40.4.336","article-title":"Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus \u2014 a report of 73 patients.","volume":"40","author":"Greenberg","year":"1977"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"863","article-title":"Effect of brain distention on cerebral circulation.","volume":"1","author":"Greitz","year":"1969"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1969.31.6.0644","article-title":"Pre- and postoperative evaluation of cerebral blood flow in low-pressure hydrocephalus.","volume":"31","author":"Greitz","year":"1969"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.27.10.905","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow, oxygen utilization, and blood volume in dementia.","volume":"27","author":"Grubb","year":"1977"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.13.6.750","article-title":"Progress in cerebrovascular disease: local cerebral blood flow by xenon enhanced CT.","volume":"13","author":"Gur","year":"1982"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurol Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(65)90016-X","article-title":"The special clinical problem of symptomatic hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Observations on cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics.","volume":"2","author":"Hakim","year":"1965"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"187","article-title":"The physics of the cranial cavity, hydrocephalus and normal pressure hydrocephalus: mechanical interpretation and mathematical model.","volume":"5","author":"Hakim","year":"1976"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Acta Neurol Scand","first-page":"336","article-title":"Effects of CSF drainage on CBF and CBV in subarachnoid hemorrhage and communicating hydrocephalus.","volume":"56","author":"Hartmann","year":"1977"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"AJNR","first-page":"383","article-title":"Normal pressure hydrocephalus. Evaluation of diagnostic and prognostic tests.","volume":"2","author":"Huckman","year":"1981"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-86-1-40","article-title":"Screening for organic mental syndromes in the medically ill.","volume":"86","author":"Jacobs","year":"1977"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1976.03260310024015","article-title":"\u201cNormal pressure\u201d hydrocephalus. Relationship of clinical and radiographic findings to improvement following shunt surgery.","volume":"235","author":"Jacobs","year":"1976"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1148\/127.2.385","article-title":"Computed tomographic measurement of the xenon brain-blood partition coefficient and implications for regional cerebral blood flow: a preliminary report.","volume":"127","author":"Kelcz","year":"1978"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.1.96","article-title":"Cerebral hemodynamics in the diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus.","volume":"34","author":"Kushner","year":"1984"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Clin Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1093\/neurosurgery\/24.CN_suppl_1.316","article-title":"Occult hydrocephalus: results of shunting correlated with diagnostic tests.","volume":"24","author":"Laws","year":"1977"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1148\/96.2.347","article-title":"Radiological diagnosis of occult normal-pressure hydrocephalus.","volume":"96","author":"LeMay","year":"1970"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab","first-page":"S65","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow measurements in the diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus.","volume":"3","author":"Luft","year":"1983"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Acta Neurol Scand","first-page":"338","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow and metabolic rate of oxygen, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies and amino acids in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus before and after shunting and in normal subjects.","volume":"56","author":"Lying-Tunell","year":"1977"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Arch Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1975.00490520027003","article-title":"Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid-blood flow dynamics. Implications in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in normal pressure hydrocephalus.","volume":"32","author":"Mathew","year":"1975"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198403013100903","article-title":"Ventriculostomy-related infections. A prospective epidemiologic study.","volume":"310","author":"Mayhall","year":"1984"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.20.6.594","article-title":"Prognostic criteria for cerebrospinal fluid shunting from isotope cisternography in communicating hydrocephalus.","volume":"20","author":"McCullough","year":"1970"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.9.3.205","article-title":"Improved method for noninvasive measurement of regional cerebral blood flow by 133xenon inhalation. Part II: Measurements in health and disease.","volume":"9","author":"Meyer","year":"1978"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.12.4.426","article-title":"Mapping local blood flow of human brain by CT scanning during stable xenon inhalation.","volume":"12","author":"Meyer","year":"1981"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"AJNR","first-page":"213","article-title":"Local cerebral blood flow measured by CT after stable xenon inhalation.","volume":"1","author":"Meyer","year":"1980"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Surg Neurol","article-title":"Pathogenesis of normal pressure hydrocephalus \u2014 preliminary observations.","author":"Meyer"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.15.1.80","article-title":"Stable xenon CT CBF measurements in prevalent cerebrovascular disorders (stroke).","volume":"15","author":"Meyer","year":"1984"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab","first-page":"S506","article-title":"Multi-infarct and Alzheimer dementias differentiated from normal aging by xenon contrast CT CBF measurements.","volume":"3","author":"Meyer","year":"1983"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(84)90342-2","article-title":"Normal pressure hydrocephalus. Influences on cerebral hemodynamic and cerebrospinal fluid pressure \u2014 chemical autoregulation.","volume":"21","author":"Meyer","year":"1984"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"Am J Geriatr Soc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1983.tb02198.x","article-title":"Reductions in regional cerebral blood flow associated with chronic consumption of alcohol.","volume":"31","author":"Rogers","year":"1983"},{"key":"b34","series-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1982.16","article-title":"The in vivo autoradiographic measurement of regional cerebral blood flow using stable xenon and computerized tomography. The effect of tissue heterogeneity and computerized tomography noise.","volume":"2","author":"Rottenberg","year":"1982"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1972.37.4.0423","article-title":"Adult hydrocephalus. Evaluation of shunt therapy in 80 patients.","volume":"37","author":"Salmon","year":"1972"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.21.1.33","article-title":"Cerebral blood flow in posttraumatic encephalopathy. The effect of ventriculoatrial shunt.","volume":"21","author":"Salmon","year":"1971"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.34.6.687","article-title":"Effect of intracranial hypertension on cerebral blood flow.","volume":"34","author":"Salmon","year":"1971"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1973.03220400024005","article-title":"Ventricular shunting for relief of senile symptoms.","volume":"225","author":"Shenkin","year":"1973"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.38.9.833","article-title":"Ventricular size after shunting for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.","volume":"38","author":"Shenkin","year":"1975"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.41.4.0463","article-title":"Normal-pressure hydrocephalus. Predicting the results of cerebrospinal fluid shunting.","volume":"41","author":"Stein","year":"1974"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"Surg Neurol","first-page":"271","article-title":"Results and complications in 55 shunted patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus.","volume":"3","author":"Udvarhelyi","year":"1975"},{"key":"b42","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1984.03340330032019","article-title":"Prophylactic sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. A double-blind, randomized, placebocontrolled trial.","volume":"251","author":"Wang","year":"1984"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/62\/4\/article-p513.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/62\/4\/article-p513.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/62\/4\/article-p513.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T18:56:38Z","timestamp":1658688998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/62\/4\/article-p513.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,4]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.1985.62.4.0513","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,4]]}}}