{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:28:45Z","timestamp":1762100925918},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\u2713 The authors present two cases of pneumocephalus occurring in patients with permanent shunts and review nine previously reported cases. Mental status changes and headache are the most common presenting symptoms. Six of the 11 cases of pneumocephalus occurred in patients with shunt placement for hydrocephalus secondary to aqueductal stenosis. In these patients, thinned cerebrospinal fluid barriers secondary to longstanding increased intracranial pressure may predispose them to pneumocephalus. Temporary extraventricular drainage is an effective method of treatment in this group of patients. Two other etiologies are identified with significance to treatment, and the role of craniotomy is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.63.4.0532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,8]],"date-time":"2009-05-08T16:22:30Z","timestamp":1241799750000},"page":"532-536","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Pneumocephalus in patients with CSF shunts"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"John R.","family":"Ruge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonard J.","family":"Cerullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"McLone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Neuroradiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00346760","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumatocele during radiation of a giant meningosarcoma.","volume":"22","author":"Betz","year":"1981"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Z Heilkd","first-page":"383","article-title":"Ueber einen Fall von Luftansammlung in den Ventrikeln des meschlichen Gehirns.","volume":"5","author":"Chiari","year":"1884"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.60.6.1312","article-title":"Epidermoid tumor presenting as tension pneumocephalus. 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