{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T11:24:07Z","timestamp":1784978647244,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\u2713 Profound arterial hypotension is \u00e0 commonly used adjunct in surgery for aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. Hyperventilation with hypocapnia is also used in these patients to increase brain slackness. Both measures reduce cerebral blood flow (CBF). Of concern is whether CBF is reduced below ischemic thresholds when both techniques are employed together. To determine this, 12 mongrel dogs were anesthetized with morphine, nitrous oxide, and oxygen, and then paralyzed with pancuronium and hyperventilated. Arterial pCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was controlled by adding CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> to the inspired gas mixture. Cerebral blood flow was measured at arterial pCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> levels of 40 and 20 mm Hg both before and after mean arterial pressure was lowered to 40 mm Hg with adenosine enhanced by dipyridamole.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">In animals where PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was reduced to 20 mm Hg and mean arterial pressure was reduced to 40 mm Hg, cardiac index decreased 42% from control and total brain blood flow decreased 45% from control while the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen was unchanged. Hypocapnia with hypotension resulted in small but statistically significant reductions in all regional blood flows, most notably in the brain stem. The reported effects of hypocapnia on CBF during arterial hypotension vary depending on the hypotensive agents used. Profound hypotension induced with adenosine does not eliminate CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> reactivity, nor does it lower blood flow to ischemic levels in this model, even in the presence of severe hypocapnia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.63.6.0937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,8]],"date-time":"2009-05-08T16:21:33Z","timestamp":1241799693000},"page":"937-943","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cerebrovascular effects of hypocapnia during adenosine-induced arterial hypotension"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"David J.","family":"Boarini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neal F.","family":"Kassell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Sprowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie 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