{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T01:36:20Z","timestamp":1776476180588,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\u2713 Associated injuries to the neck, chest, or abdomen are found in approximately one-quarter of all civilians with penetrating spinal cord or cauda equina injuries. While the value of and indications for general surgical exploration and repair of these injuries are fairly self-evident, the value of neurosurgical intervention in terms of neurological outcome and infection prophylaxis remains the subject of debate. To study this issue, 160 civilian patients with penetrating spinal injuries and neurological deficits were retrospectively reviewed. Associated injuries of the esophagus, trachea, bronchi, or bowel were seen in 107 individuals (67%); 33 (31%) of these patients had abdominal injuries, 25 (23%) had neck injuries, 23 (21%) had thoracic injuries, and 26 (24%) had injuries occurring at multiple sites. Of these 107 patients, 67 (63%) had complete neurological injuries and the remaining 40 (37%) demonstrated incomplete deficits. All 107 patients underwent surgical exploration and repair of their visceral injuries; in 19 of them a neurosurgical procedure was also performed for decompression of the neural elements and\/or debridement of the wound. Regardless of the presence of associated visceral injuries, the mechanism of injury, and the extent of the neurological deficit, no statistically significant difference in neurological outcome was found in patients with or without neurosurgical intervention. Complications associated with neurological injury were reported in 17 (11%) of the total group of 160 patients. Four (21%) of the 19 patients who had neurosurgical intervention suffered a related complication, compared to only six (7%) of the 88 patients who were managed conservatively (p &lt; 0.05). Within the limitations of a retrospective review, the results of this study do not clearly support the value of routine neurosurgical intervention as an adjunct to general surgical repair in cases of spinal injury associated with penetrating visceral trauma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1989.70.4.0514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,8]],"date-time":"2009-05-08T16:14:21Z","timestamp":1241799261000},"page":"514-518","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Neurosurgical intervention in penetrating spinal trauma with associated visceral injury"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Benjamin H.","family":"Venger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard K.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raj K.","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Trauma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197101000-00006","article-title":"Major abdominal and thoracic trauma associated with spinal cord injury: problems in management.","volume":"11","author":"Bricker","year":"1971"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Current Therapy in Neurological Surgery.","first-page":"114","article-title":"Brain and spinal wounds caused by missiles","author":"Carey","year":"1985"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1975.42.5.0575","article-title":"Penetrating gunshot wounds of the cervical spine in civilians. Review of 38 cases.","volume":"42","author":"Heiden","year":"1975"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Paraplegia","first-page":"263","article-title":"Spinal cord injury in Vietnamese combat.","volume":"7","author":"Jacobson","year":"1970"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Trauma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197908000-00011","article-title":"Cervical osteomyelitis complicating transpharyngeal gunshot wounds to the neck.","volume":"19","author":"Jones","year":"1979"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol 25: Injuries of the Spine and Spinal Cord, Part 1.","first-page":"197","article-title":"Stab wounds of the spinal cord","author":"Lipschitz","year":"1976"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Am J Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(79)90072-2","article-title":"Pyogenic osteomyelitis of axial bones following civilian gunshot wounds.","volume":"137","author":"Maier","year":"1979"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Neurological Surgery of Trauma.","first-page":"258","article-title":"Penetrating spinal cord injuries","author":"Meirowsky","year":"1965"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"S Afr Med J","first-page":"961","article-title":"A review of 450 stabwounds of the spinal cord.","volume":"51","author":"Peacock","year":"1977"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg (Am)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567080-00008","article-title":"Infection about the spine associated with low-velocity-missile injury to the abdomen.","volume":"67","author":"Romanick","year":"1985"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg (Am)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961030-00013","article-title":"Gunshot wounds of the spine: the effects of laminectomy.","volume":"61","author":"Stauffer","year":"1979"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"J Trauma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197605000-00018","article-title":"Penetrating trauma of the colon, cava, and cord.","volume":"16","author":"Wilson","year":"1976"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Spinal Injury.","first-page":"285","article-title":"Missile injuries of the spinal cord and cauda equina","author":"Yashon","year":"1986"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1970.32.2.0163","article-title":"Prognosis and management of spinal cord and cauda equina bullet injuries in sixty-five civilians.","volume":"32","author":"Yashon","year":"1970"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/70\/4\/article-p514.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/70\/4\/article-p514.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/70\/4\/article-p514.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T00:17:57Z","timestamp":1679876277000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/70\/4\/article-p514.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.1989.70.4.0514","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]}}}