{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:08:11Z","timestamp":1791907691896,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\u2713 Dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) lesions were used to treat intractable pain due to deafferentation in 78 patients managed between 1981 and 1988. Etiology of pain included avulsion of brachial or lumbosacral plexuses (27 cases), spinal cord injury (20 cases), amputation (nine cases), post-herpetic neuralgia (16 cases), and cauda equina injury (six cases). Three different lesioning techniques were employed: a radiofrequency (rf) method using a 0.5 \u00d7 2-mm stainless steel electrode with control of electric current and duration (Group 1: 21 cases); the CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> laser (Group 2: 20 cases); and an rf method, using a 0.25 \u00d7 2-mm stainless steel electrode with control of electrode temperature and duration (Group 3: 37 cases).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">Overall, 48 (61.5%) of 78 patients received satisfactory pain relief, defined as a 50% or greater reduction in pain intensity, cessation of narcotic analgesic usage, and improvement in functional capacity. Fourteen (67%) of the 21 Group 1 patients obtained effective pain relief, compared to nine (45%) of the 20 Group 2 patients and 25 (68%) of the 37 Group 3 patients. Neurological complications including mainly ipsilateral leg weakness or loss of proprioception occurred in 52.3% of the patients in Group 1, 15% of the Group 2 patients, and 8.1% of the Group 3 patients. These results support the view that DREZ lesions may be made most effectively and safely with the rf lesioning technique associated with control of electrode temperature and duration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1990.72.5.0715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T18:20:57Z","timestamp":1242238857000},"page":"715-720","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Clinical experience with radiofrequency and laser DREZ lesions"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Ronald F.","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Neurosurgery.","first-page":"2490","article-title":"Methods of making nervous system lesions","volume":"III","author":"Cosman","year":"1984"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"945","article-title":"Theoretical aspects of radiofrequency lesions in the dorsal root entry zone.","volume":"15","author":"Cosman","year":"1984"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1986.65.4.0465","article-title":"DREZ lesions for relief of pain related to spinal cord injury.","volume":"65","author":"Friedman","year":"1986"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198802000-00016","article-title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions for the treatment of brachial plexus avulsion injuries: a follow-up study.","volume":"22","author":"Friedman","year":"1988"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.60.6.1258","article-title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions for the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia.","volume":"60","author":"Friedman","year":"1984"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Appl Neurophysiol","first-page":"225","article-title":"Anatomic examination of human dorsal root entry zone lesions.","volume":"51","author":"Iacono","year":"1988"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.59.5.0884","article-title":"Laser-induced dorsal root entry zone lesions for pain control. Report of three cases.","volume":"59","author":"Levy","year":"1983"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Arch Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1967.00470300071012","article-title":"Some effects of deafferentation on neurons of the cat spinal cord.","volume":"17","author":"Loeser","year":"1967"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1968.29.1.0048","article-title":"Chronic deafferentation of human spinal cord neurons.","volume":"29","author":"Loeser","year":"1968"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1987.66.6.0835","article-title":"Conus medullaris nerve root avulsions.","volume":"66","author":"Moossy","year":"1987"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Clin Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1093\/neurosurgery\/21.CN_suppl_1.311","article-title":"Central pain: its origin and treatment.","volume":"21","author":"Nashold","year":"1974"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"942","article-title":"Current status of the DREZ operation: 1984.","volume":"15","author":"Nashold","year":"1984"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1981.55.3.0414","article-title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions to control central pain in paraplegics.","volume":"55","author":"Nashold","year":"1981"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.51.1.0059","article-title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions for pain relief.","volume":"51","author":"Nashold","year":"1979"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Adv Pain Res Ther","first-page":"739","article-title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions: a new neurosurgical therapy for deafferentation pain.","volume":"5","author":"Nashold","year":"1983"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Adv Pain Res Ther","first-page":"959","article-title":"Phantom pain relief by focal destruction of the substantia gelatinosa of Rolando.","volume":"1","author":"Nashold","year":"1976"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"921","article-title":"Dorsal root rhizotomy and avulsion in the cat: a comparison of long term effects on dorsal horn neuronal activity.","volume":"15","author":"Ovelmen-Levitt","year":"1984"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.61.5.0841","article-title":"Pain relief from dorsal root entry zone lesions made with argon and carbon dioxide microsurgical lasers.","volume":"61","author":"Powers","year":"1984"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Bull LA Neurol Soc","first-page":"142","article-title":"Lissauer tractolysis.","volume":"21","author":"Rand","year":"1956"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"956","article-title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions for the control of deafferentation pain: experiences in ten patients.","volume":"15","author":"Ritcher","year":"1984"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"953","article-title":"Thermocoagulation of the dorsal root entry zone for the treatment of intractable pain.","volume":"15","author":"Samii","year":"1984"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.62.1.0072","article-title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions for post-amputation pain.","volume":"62","author":"Saris","year":"1985"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"391","article-title":"La Radicellotomie post\u00e9rieure s\u00e9lective.","volume":"20","author":"Sindou","year":"1974"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"Prog Neurol Surg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1159\/000428329","article-title":"Posterior spinal rhizotomy and selective posterior rhizidiotomy.","volume":"7","author":"Sindou","year":"1976"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Adv Pain Res Ther","first-page":"199","article-title":"Neurosurgical treatment of pain in the Pancoast-Tobias syndrome: selective posterior rhizotomy and open anterolateral C2-cordotomy.","volume":"4","author":"Sindou","year":"1982"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"J Comp Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901530103","article-title":"Fiber organization at the posterior spinal cord-rootlet junction in man.","volume":"153","author":"Sindou","year":"1974"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198412000-00040","article-title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions (Nashold's procedure) in brachial plexus avulsion.","volume":"15","author":"Thomas","year":"1984"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.46.10.924","article-title":"Dorsal root entry zone lesions (Nashold's procedure) for pain relief following brachial plexus avulsion.","volume":"46","author":"Thomas","year":"1983"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"150","article-title":"DREZ lesions using lasers.","volume":"63","author":"Watts","year":"1985"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"341","article-title":"Laser versus radiofrequency lesions of the DREZ.","volume":"64","author":"Young","year":"1986"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/72\/5\/article-p715.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/72\/5\/article-p715.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/72\/5\/article-p715.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]],"date-time":"2023-03-26T22:18:59Z","timestamp":1679869139000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/72\/5\/article-p715.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,5]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.1990.72.5.0715","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,5]]}}}