{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:52:36Z","timestamp":1778824356247,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\u2713 To evaluate microcirculatory disturbance and cerebral edema associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), both stereological morphometry on the intraparenchymal capillary network and microgravimetry were performed on a rabbit SAH model. Autologous arterial blood (5 ml) was injected into the cisterna magna, and the animals were sacrificed at intervals of 6 hours, 1 day, 2 days, or 6 days after SAH. Capillaries in the piriform cortex, parasagittal cortex, and ventral brain stem of the midline-hemisectioned brain were injected with Evans blue dye 1 minute before sacrifice, and were planimetrically evaluated under a fluorescence microscope connected to an image analysis system. Stereological and morphological parameters including the volume density, surface density, numerical density, minimum intercapillary distance, and the diameter of Evans blue-perfused capillaries were also computed.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">In the piriform cortex and ventral brain stem, the volume and surface densities were significantly reduced and the minimum intercapillary distance was significantly increased 1 to 2 days after SAH. In the parasagittal cortex far from the cisternal clot, changes in the parameters were minimal. Cerebral blood volume (CBV) in the normal condition and edema formation associated with SAH were studied by the microgravimetric technique. The mean CBV in the parasagittal cortex, piriform cortex, and brain stem was 6.9%, 6.8%, and 5.6%, respectively. Following SAH, specific gravity in the piriform cortex and the ventral brain stem of the other side of the hemisectioned brain was significantly decreased at 1 to 2 days, showing a change parallel to that of the stereological parameters. The results obtained from the morphometric technique indicated the occurrence of impaired capillary perfusion and reduced capillary blood volume following SAH, while microgravimetry suggested the formation of brain edema during this period. These changes in the intraparenchymal vessels may play an important role in the pathophysiology of SAH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1990.73.3.0410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T18:19:14Z","timestamp":1242238754000},"page":"410-417","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Impaired capillary perfusion and brain edema following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage: a morphometric study"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Hiroo","family":"Johshita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neal F.","family":"Kassell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomio","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisayuki","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1977.46.4.0454","article-title":"Pathogenetic role of no-reflow phenomenon in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in dogs.","volume":"46","author":"Asano","year":"1977"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00690544","article-title":"Alterations in cat cerebrocortical capillary morphometrical parameters following K+-induced cerebrocortical swelling.","volume":"47","author":"Auen","year":"1979"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Adv Neurol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Morphometric evaluation of capillaries in different laminae of rat cerebral cortex by automatic image analysis: changes during development and aging.","volume":"20","author":"B\u00e4r","year":"1978"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Acta Neurochir","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01418477","article-title":"Sub-pial infiltration of blood products following experimental sub-arachnoid haemorrhage.","volume":"76","author":"Cardoso","year":"1985"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198606000-00010","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier damage during the acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage, as exemplified by a new animal model.","volume":"18","author":"D\u00f3czi","year":"1986"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.99.255","article-title":"Hemodynamical studies of cerebral arteries by means of mathematical analysis of arterial casts.","volume":"99","author":"Fukasawa","year":"1969"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Biomechanics. Mechanical Properties of Living Tissue.","first-page":"286","author":"Fung","year":"1981"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Appl Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.61.5.1712","article-title":"Effect of hemorrhage on regional morphometric indexes of cerebral capillarity.","volume":"61","author":"Grover","year":"1986"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1977.46.4.0446","article-title":"Effects of subarachnoid hemorrhage on cerebral blood volume, blood flow, and oxygen utilization in humans.","volume":"46","author":"Grubb","year":"1977"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Stroke","first-page":"653","article-title":"Morphometry of brain parenchymal vessels following subarachnoid hemorrhage.","volume":"11","author":"Hart","year":"1981"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Clin Invest","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109187","article-title":"Role of large arteries in regulation of cerebral blood flow in dogs.","volume":"62","author":"Heistad","year":"1978"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00690317","article-title":"FITC-dextrans as tracers for macromolecular movements in the nervous system. A freeze-drying method for dextrans of various molecular sizes injected into normal animals.","volume":"59","author":"Hultstr\u00f6m","year":"1983"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Brain Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(74)90332-1","article-title":"Morphometric investigations of capillaries in the brain cortex of the cat.","volume":"65","author":"Hunziker","year":"1974"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Beitr Pathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-8165(77)80080-2","article-title":"Postmortem changes in stereological parameters of cerebral capillaries.","volume":"161","author":"Hunziker","year":"1977"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00688303","article-title":"Morphometric evaluation of post-ischemic capillary perfusion in selectively vulnerable areas of gerbil brain.","volume":"69","author":"Imdahl","year":"1986"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.6.788","article-title":"Effect of indomethacin and a free radical scavenger on cerebral blood flow and edema after cerebral artery occlusion in cats.","volume":"20","author":"Johshita","year":"1989"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.59.6.0917","article-title":"An experimental study of the acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage.","volume":"59","author":"Kamiya","year":"1983"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198012000-00010","article-title":"Treatment of ischemic deficits from cerebral vasospasm with high dose barbiturate therapy.","volume":"7","author":"Kassell","year":"1980"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198209000-00001","article-title":"Treatment of ischemic deficits from vasospasm with intravascular volume expansion and induced arterial hypertension.","volume":"11","author":"Kassell","year":"1982"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.16.4.562","article-title":"Cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.","volume":"16","author":"Kassell","year":"1985"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.4.354","article-title":"An experimental study of acute subarachnoid haemorrhage in baboons: changes in cerebral blood volume, blood flow, electrical activity and water content.","volume":"47","author":"Kuyama","year":"1984"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Cerebral Vasospasm.","first-page":"113","article-title":"Morphometric methods in the study of vasospasm","author":"Lehman","year":"1988"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.58.1.0018","article-title":"Cerebral arterial constriction after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with blood components within the arterial wall.","volume":"58","author":"Liszczak","year":"1983"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"Dynamics of Brain Edema.","first-page":"236","article-title":"Microvascular alterations and edema in focal cerebral ischemia","author":"Little","year":"1976"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1978.49.4.0530","article-title":"A simple gravimetric technique for measurement of cerebral edema.","volume":"49","author":"Marmarou","year":"1978"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Acta Neurochir","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01406037","article-title":"Cerebral blood volume, blood flow, and oxygen metabolism in cerebral ischaemia and subarachnoid haemorrhage: an in-vivo study using positron emission tomography.","volume":"70","author":"Martin","year":"1984"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198301000-00010","article-title":"Progressive change in cerebral blood flow during the first three weeks after subarachnoid hemorrhage.","volume":"12","author":"Meyer","year":"1983"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Neurochirurgia","first-page":"135","article-title":"Effect of subarachnoid haemorrhage on microcirculation in hypothalamus and brain stem of dogs.","volume":"19","author":"Nagai","year":"1976"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Acta Neuropathol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00691871","article-title":"Brain lactic acidosis and ischemic cell damage: quantitative ultrastructural changes in capillaries of rat cerebral cortex.","volume":"60","author":"Palj\u00e4rvi","year":"1983"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-197905000-00003","article-title":"Early and late mechanisms of increased vascular permeability following experimental cerebral infarction.","volume":"38","author":"Petito","year":"1979"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.62.5.0704","article-title":"The role of cerebral blood volume changes in brain specific-gravity measurements.","volume":"62","author":"Picozzi","year":"1985"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"Brain Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)91383-6","article-title":"Evidence for a \u2018paravascular\u2019 fluid circulation in the mammalian central nervous system, provided by the rapid distribution of tracer protein throughout the brain from the subarachnoid space.","volume":"326","author":"Rennels","year":"1985"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.3.3.248","article-title":"Can plasma skimming or inconstancy of regional hematocrit introduce serious errors in regional cerebral blood flow measurements or their interpretation?","volume":"3","author":"Rosenblum","year":"1972"},{"key":"b34","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1982.57.1.0099","article-title":"The determination of brain water content: microgravimetry versus drying-weighing method.","volume":"57","author":"Shigeno","year":"1982"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.13.3.368","article-title":"Cerebral edema following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.","volume":"13","author":"Shigeno","year":"1982"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-196610000-00004","article-title":"Selective vulnerability of the blood-brain barrier in chemically induced lesions.","volume":"25","author":"Steinwall","year":"1966"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"Stereological Methods, Vol. 1: Practical Methods for Biological Morphometry.","first-page":"9","author":"Weibel","year":"1979"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1978.48.2.0173","article-title":"Time course of vasospasm in man.","volume":"48","author":"Weir","year":"1978"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Circ Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.51.4.494","article-title":"Quantitative regional determination of morphometric indices of the total and perfused capillary network in the rat brain.","volume":"51","author":"Weiss","year":"1982"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.12.5.624","article-title":"Physiological and morphometric analysis of the microcirculation of the cerebral cortex under acute vasospasm.","volume":"12","author":"Wiernsperger","year":"1981"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/73\/3\/article-p410.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/73\/3\/article-p410.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/73\/3\/article-p410.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T01:51:45Z","timestamp":1679277105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/73\/3\/article-p410.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.1990.73.3.0410","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]}}}