{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T17:59:03Z","timestamp":1760983143468},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\u2713 The magnetic resonance longitudinal relaxation time (T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) and transverse relaxation time (T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) of the water proton of the periventricular white and cortical gray matter were measured for 17 control patients and 21 patients with suspected normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Of the latter group, 14 showed good response to shunting (true-NPH group) and seven showed no response (false-NPH group). In the true-NPH group, both the T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and the T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of the periventricular white matter were significantly prolonged compared to the control values, and slowly shortened after cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting. The true-NPH group showed significantly longer T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of the white matter than did the false-NPH group. The T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of the white matter were longer than those of the gray matter in this group, which was the reverse of the relationship observed in the control patients. In the white matter of the false-NPH group, there was a significant prolongation of T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> only; no difference was seen in the T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> compared to control values. There was no change in either T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> or T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of this region after CSF shunting. The false-NPH group showed no significant difference in either T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> or T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> between the white and the gray matter. There was no difference in either T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> or T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of the gray matter between the false-NPH and control groups or between preshunt and postshunt measurements in each patient group. It is suggested that a distinction between true- and false-NPH, which cannot be made from the radiographic appearance alone, may be possible from measurement of relaxation times. The mechanism of varied relaxation behavior between two entities may be explained by a difference in properties of the biological water and its environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1990.73.6.0864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T18:12:09Z","timestamp":1242238329000},"page":"864-870","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Characterization of periventricular edema in normal-pressure hydrocephalus by measurement of water proton relaxation times"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Norihiko","family":"Tamaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Shirakuni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumasa","family":"Ehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Exp Brain Res","first-page":"241","article-title":"Nuclear magnetic resonance studies in normal and edematous brain tissue.","volume":"23","author":"Bakay","year":"1975"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.50.2.125","article-title":"Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: characterisation of experimental cerebral edema.","volume":"50","author":"Barnes","year":"1987"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1986.64.5.0795","article-title":"Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in experimental brain edema in a rat model.","volume":"64","author":"Bederson","year":"1986"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta","first-page":"304","article-title":"Pulsed NMR studies of water in striated muscle. 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