{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:50:34Z","timestamp":1792176634460,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\u2713 A multiinstitutional study was conducted to evaluate the technique, dose-selection parameters, and results of gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery in the management of trigeminal neuralgia. Fifty patients at five centers underwent radiosurgery performed with a single 4-mm isocenter targeted at the nerve root entry zone. Thirty-two patients had undergone prior surgery, and the mean number of procedures that had been performed was 2.8 (range 1\u20137). The target dose of the radiosurgery used in the current study varied from 60 to 90 Gy. The median follow-up period after radiosurgery was 18 months (range 11\u201336 months). Twenty-nine patients (58%) responded with excellent control (pain free), 18 (36%) obtained good control (50%\u201390% relief), and three (6%) experienced treatment failure. The median time to pain relief was 1 month (range 1 day\u20136.7 months). Responses remained consistent for up to 3 years postradiosurgery in all cases except three (6%) in which the patients had pain recurrence at 5, 7, and 10 months. At 2 years, 54% of patients were pain free and 88% had 50% to 100% relief.<\/jats:p><jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">A maximum radiosurgical dose of 70 Gy or greater was associated with a significantly greater chance of complete pain relief (72% vs. 9%, p = 0.0003). Three patients (6%) developed increased facial paresthesia after radiosurgery, which resolved totally in one case and improved in another. No patient developed other deficits or deafferentation pain. The proximal trigeminal nerve and root entry zone, which is well defined on magnetic resonance imaging, is an appropriate anatomical target for radiosurgery. Radiosurgery using the gamma unit is an additional effective surgical approach for the management of medically or surgically refractory trigeminal neuralgia. A longer-term follow-up review is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1996.84.6.0940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,8]],"date-time":"2009-06-08T20:08:57Z","timestamp":1244491737000},"page":"940-945","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":315,"title":["Stereotactic radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia: a multiinstitutional study using the gamma unit"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Douglas","family":"Kondziolka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Dade","family":"Lunsford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Flickinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald F.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Vermeulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Duma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deane B.","family":"Jacques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert W.","family":"Rand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Regis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Claude","family":"Peragut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Manera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mel H.","family":"Epstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christer","family":"Lindquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","first-page":"400","volume":"48","author":"Barcia Salorio JL","year":"1985","journal-title":"Appl Neurophysiol"},{"key":"b2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199005000-00008"},{"key":"b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199304000-00012","volume":"32","author":"Brown JA","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1972.tb00899.x","volume":"34","author":"Cox DR","year":"1982","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Bull"},{"key":"b5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198112000-00005"},{"key":"b6","first-page":"2357","volume-title":"Neurosurgery.","author":"Jannetta PJ","year":"1985"},{"key":"b7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2281868"},{"key":"b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199203000-00015","volume":"30","author":"Kondziolka D","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"b9","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery.","author":"Kondziolka D","year":"1993"},{"key":"b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100049076","volume":"21","author":"Kondziolka D","year":"1994","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"b11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199208000-00012"},{"key":"b12","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery.","author":"Kondziolka D","year":"1993"},{"key":"b13","first-page":"585","volume":"134","author":"Leksell L","year":"1968","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"b14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.46.9.797"},{"key":"b15","first-page":"316","volume":"102","author":"Leksell L","year":"1951","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"b16","first-page":"311","volume":"137","author":"Leksell L","year":"1971","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"b17","first-page":"213","volume-title":"Modern Concepts in Psychiatric Surgery.","author":"Leksell L","year":"1979"},{"key":"b18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000099557"},{"key":"b19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.248.4.449"},{"key":"b20","first-page":"319","volume":"32","author":"Lunsford LD","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Neurosurg"},{"key":"b21","first-page":"97","volume":"117","author":"Lunsford LD","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/99.1.101","volume":"99","author":"Mastaglia FL","year":"1976","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"b23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(93)90262-T"},{"key":"b24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1977.1"},{"key":"b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1159\/000100663","volume":"61","author":"Rand RW","year":"1993","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"b26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01402072"},{"key":"b27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198607173150307"},{"key":"b28","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Radiation Injury to the Nervous System.","author":"van der Kogel AJ","year":"1991"},{"key":"b29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1993.79.5.0680"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/84\/6\/article-p940.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/84\/6\/article-p940.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/84\/6\/article-p940.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T01:31:47Z","timestamp":1739151107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/84\/6\/article-p940.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.1996.84.6.0940","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]}}}