{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T09:34:47Z","timestamp":1774690487540,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Object.<\/jats:italic> The goal of this study was to evaluate the results of gamma surgery in nine patients treated for vein of Galen malformations (VGMs).<\/jats:p><jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> A consecutive series of nine VGMs in eight children aged 4 to 14 years and in one adult were treated with gamma surgery. Six of the patients were male, including the adult, and three were female. Among these patients there were three Ya\u015fargil Type I, one Type II, two Type III, and three Type IV malformations. Previous embolization had failed in four cases. Three VGMs were treated with gamma surgery twice. An additional patient with a Type III VGM underwent stereotactic angiography in preparation for gamma surgery but was judged to be suitable for direct embolization.<\/jats:p><jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">Follow-up angiograms were obtained in eight of the VGMs treated. Four no longer filled; one has probably been obliterated, but this cannot be confirmed because the patient refused to undergo final angiography; one patient has residual fistulas not included in the initial treatment field, which were retreated recently; and two other patients have marked reduction of flow through their VGMs.<\/jats:p><jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic> Gamma surgery is a viable option in the treatment of VGMs in clinically stable patients. Combined endovascular therapy and gamma surgery is of benefit in complex malformations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.93.2.0229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T17:27:54Z","timestamp":1242235674000},"page":"229-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Gamma surgery for vein of Galen malformations"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Bryan Rankin","family":"Payne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dheerendra","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melita","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hernan","family":"Bunge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ladislau","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Eur Radiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300050285","article-title":"Vein of Galen vascular malformations in infants: clinical, radiological and therapeutic aspect.","volume":"7","author":"Borthne","year":"1997"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"J Neurosurg Sci","first-page":"315","article-title":"Combined management of intracranial vascular malformations in children.","volume":"41","author":"Caldarelli","year":"1997"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199102000-00013","article-title":"Percutaneous transvenous catheterization and embolization of vein of Galen aneurysms.","volume":"28","author":"Casasco","year":"1991"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199007000-00003","article-title":"Interventional neuroradiological management of vein of Galen malformations in the neonate.","volume":"27","author":"Ciricillo","year":"1990"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1159\/000120337","article-title":"Intracranial arteriovenous anomalies of infancy: modern concepts.","volume":"13","author":"Godersky","year":"1987"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.89.1.0074","article-title":"Endovascular treatment of mural-type vein of Galen malformations.","volume":"89","author":"Halbach","year":"1998"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(91)90162-3","article-title":"Arteriovenous malformations of the vein of Galen: report of three microsurgically treated cases.","volume":"36","author":"Hernesniemi","year":"1991"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1982.57.3.0316","article-title":"Aneurysms of the vein of Galen. Experience at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.","volume":"57","author":"Hoffman","year":"1982"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Neuroradiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00588224","article-title":"Deep venous drainage in great cerebral vein (vein of Galen) absence and malformations.","volume":"33","author":"Lasjaunias","year":"1991"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00304199","article-title":"Vein of Galen malformation. Endovascular management of 43 cases.","volume":"7","author":"Lasjaunias","year":"1991"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"315","article-title":"[Dilatation of the vein of Galen. 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