{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T07:55:23Z","timestamp":1769500523043,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Object.<\/jats:italic> Rho A, a small guanosine triphosphate\u2014binding protein, and rho kinases have been suggested to play an important role in the agonist-induced myofilament Ca<jats:sup>++<\/jats:sup> sensitization and cytoskeletal organization of smooth-muscle cells. To discover their possible roles in the prolonged contraction seen in cerebral vasospasm, the authors investigated the messenger (m)RNA expressions of rho A and rho-associated kinases \u03b1 and \u03b2 in the basilar artery (BA) of a rat double cisternal blood\u2014injection model.<\/jats:p><jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> An experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was achieved in rats by twice injecting autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna of each animal. The mRNAs for rho A and rho-associated kinases \u03b1 and \u03b2 of the rat BA were analyzed using reverse transcription\u2014polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The cisternal blood injection induced a marked corrugation of elastic lamina and contraction of smooth-muscle cells observed with the aid of light and transmission electron microscopy in the rat BA on Days 3, 5, and 7. Results of the RT-PCR revealed that mRNAs for rho A and rho kinases \u03b1 and \u03b2 were expressed in the rat BA and that they were significantly upregulated and reached their peaks on Day 5.<\/jats:p><jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic> The mRNA upregulation of these proteins indicates that activation of rho A\/rho kinase\u2014related signal transduction pathways is involved in the development of long-lasting contraction of cerebral arteries after SAH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.93.3.0471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T17:27:17Z","timestamp":1242235637000},"page":"471-476","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Upregulation of rho A and rho kinase messenger RNAs in the basilar artery of a rat model of subarachnoid 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