{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T12:58:14Z","timestamp":1779281894138,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Object.<\/jats:italic> The aim of this study was to analyze physiological changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics following endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) for shunt-dependent noncommunicating hydrocephalus.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> Clinical data obtained in 15 patients treated with ETV for shunt malfunction were analyzed. Magnetic resonance imaging studies demonstrated the obstruction of the ventricular system preoperatively. After ETV, the existing shunt system was removed and a continuous extraventricular drain, set at 30 cm H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O in height, was installed to measure daily amounts of CSF outflow. Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics after ETV were also evaluated using <jats:sup>111<\/jats:sup>In-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid radioisotope cisternography in six of 15 patients within 1 month of the procedure. Three patients underwent cisternography at 6 months after ETV. Cisternograms were obtained at 1, 5, 24, and 48 hours after injection of the radioisotope. To study CSF absorptive capacity, ratios of radioisotope counts at 48 and 5 hours after injection were calculated (C48:C5). Seven of 15 patients had daily outflows of CSF of less than 20 ml; this volume decreased quickly within a few days. The other eight patients demonstrated an outflow of more than 150 ml of CSF for several days, three of whom had signs of transiently increased intracranial pressure. Their CSF outflow volume decreased gradually and symptoms improved within 1 week. Ratios of C48:C5 were within normal limits in five of six patients who had undergone cisternography 1 month after ETV. These ratios were decreased in all three patients who had undergone cisternography at 6 months after ETV compared with that measured at 1 month after the procedure.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic> Our data suggest that CSF dynamics convert from a shunt-dependent state to a shunt-independent state within 1 week following ETV in patients with shunt-dependent noncommunicating hydrocephalus. Nonetheless, intraventricular pressure does not decrease quickly in certain cases. Cerebrospinal fluid absorptive capacity or CSF circulation through the subarachnoid space may show further improvement several months after ETV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.98.5.1027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T17:57:34Z","timestamp":1242237454000},"page":"1027-1031","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Changes in cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics following endoscopic third ventriculostomy for shunt-dependent noncommunicating hydrocephalus"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryuichi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.88.3.0478","article-title":"Ventricular shunt removal: the ultimate treatment of the slit ventricle syndrome.","volume":"88","author":"Baskin","year":"1998"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1159\/000028693","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients less than 1 year old.","volume":"29","author":"Baxton","year":"1998"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.3.0448","article-title":"Failure of third ventriculostomy in the treatment of aqueductal stenosis in children.","volume":"90","author":"Cinalli","year":"1999"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1323","article-title":"The role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of shunt malfunction.","volume":"43","author":"Cinalli","year":"1998"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet","first-page":"340","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of hydrocephalus resulting from strictures of the aqueduct of Sylvius.","volume":"31","author":"Dandy","year":"1920"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Arch Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1945.01230040004001","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of strictures of the aqueduct of Sylvius (causing hydrocephalus).","volume":"51","author":"Dandy","year":"1945"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200005000-00015","article-title":"Risk factor for failure of endoscopic third ventriculostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus.","volume":"46","author":"Fukuhara","year":"2000"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1148\/108.1.91","article-title":"Preparation, physiology and dosimetry of 111 In-labeled radiopharmaceuticals for cisternography.","volume":"108","author":"Goodwin","year":"1973"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Current Controversies in Neurosurgery.","first-page":"691","article-title":"The advantages of percutaneous third ventriculostomy over other forms of surgical treatment for infantile obstructive hydrocephalus","author":"Hoffman","year":"1976"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198010000-00002","article-title":"Percutaneous third ventriculostomy in the management of non-communicating hydrocephalus.","volume":"7","author":"Hoffman","year":"1980"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Acta Neurochir","first-page":"48","article-title":"Burr hole third ventriculo-cisternostomy. An unpopular but effective procedure for treatment of certain forms of occlusive hydrocephalus.","volume":"79","author":"Jaksche","year":"1986"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199305000-00024","article-title":"Third ventriculostomy for shunt infections in children.","volume":"32","author":"Jones","year":"1993"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1991.75.6.0865","article-title":"Stereotactic third ventriculostomy in patients with nontumoral adolescent\/adult onset aqueductal stenosis and symptomatic hydrocephalus.","volume":"75","author":"Kelly","year":"1991"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn","first-page":"225","article-title":"Postero-superior third ventriculostomy (a new operation method for occlusive hydrocephalus).","volume":"4","author":"Nakata","year":"1950"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198812000-00013","article-title":"Slit ventricle syndrome with aqueduct stenosis: third ventriculostomy as definitive treatment.","volume":"23","author":"Reddy","year":"1988"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Tech Neurosurg","first-page":"176","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy.","volume":"1","author":"Sainte-Rose","year":"1995"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1159\/000121098","article-title":"Management of hydrocephalus by endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients with myelomeningocele.","volume":"25","author":"Teo","year":"1996"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/98\/5\/article-p1027.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/98\/5\/article-p1027.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/98\/5\/article-p1027.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]],"date-time":"2023-03-26T20:09:59Z","timestamp":1679861399000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/98\/5\/article-p1027.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.2003.98.5.1027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}}}