{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:15:04Z","timestamp":1787314504727,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\n                    <jats:italic>Object.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is the treatment of choice for occlusive (noncommunicating) hydrocephalus. Nevertheless, its routine use in patients who have previously undergone shunt placement is still not generally accepted. The authors' aim was to investigate the long-term effects of ETV in a group of prospectively chosen patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\n                    <jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Patients who underwent ETV and had previously undergone shunt placement for occlusive hydrocephalus were followed prospectively for at least 3 years (range 36\u2013103 months, mean 63.6 months). Nine female and eight male patients ranging from 8 to 54 years of age (mean 32 years) had undergone shunt placement 0.7 to 23.5 years (mean 8.1 years) before ETV. Fifteen patients were admitted with underdrainage and two with overdrainage. In six cases, ETV was performed as an emergency operation. The origin of hydrocephalus was aqueductal stenosis in 12 cases and aqueductal compression by a tumor in two cases. Three patients suffered from a fourth ventricle outlet syndrome, and in two patients an additional malresorptive component was suspected. Thirteen patients underwent ETV with shunt removal and insertion of an external drain in one session. The drain served as a safety measure; it could be opened if raised intracranial pressure or ventricular dilation was observed on postoperative imaging studies. In the other four patients the shunt was initially ligated and then removed during a second operation.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">Fourteen patients (82%) have remained shunt free. The other three patients, including the two with an additional malresorptive component, needed shunt reimplantation 3 days, 2 weeks, or 7 months after ETV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Use of ETV is safe and effective for the treatment for shunt dysfunction in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.98.5.1032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T13:57:34Z","timestamp":1242223054000},"page":"1032-1039","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for shunt dysfunction in occlusive hydrocephalus: long-term follow up and review"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Boschert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieter","family":"Hellwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim K.","family":"Krauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s101430050035","article-title":"The scientific history of hydrocephalus and its treatment.","volume":"22","author":"Aschoff","year":"1999"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.88.3.0478","article-title":"Ventricular shunt removal: the ultimate treatment of the slit ventricle syndrome.","volume":"88","author":"Baskin","year":"1998"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1159\/000028657","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: an outcome analysis.","volume":"28","author":"Brockmeyer","year":"1998"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(01)00352-4","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus in adults: report of a single unit's experience with 63 cases.","volume":"55","author":"Buxton","year":"2001"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050461","article-title":"Alternatives to shunting.","volume":"15","author":"Cinalli","year":"1999"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.3.0448","article-title":"Failure of third ventriculostomy in the treatment of aqueductal stenosis in children.","volume":"90","author":"Cinalli","year":"1999"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.2.0227","article-title":"Sylvian aqueduct syndrome and global rostral midbrain dysfunction associated with shunt malfunction.","volume":"90","author":"Cinalli","year":"1999"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"1323","article-title":"The role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of shunt malfunction.","volume":"43","author":"Cinalli","year":"1998"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1159\/000098925","article-title":"Computer-assisted stereotactic third ventriculostomy in the management of noncommunicating hydrocephalus.","volume":"59","author":"Dalrymple","year":"1992"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull","first-page":"189","article-title":"Treatment of non-encapsulated brain tumors by extensive resection of contiguous brain tissue. III Cerebral ventriculostomy.","volume":"33","author":"Dandy","year":"1922"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull","first-page":"189","article-title":"Treatment of non-encapsulated brain tumors by extensive resection of contiguous brain tissue. IV An operative procedure for hydrocephalus.","volume":"33","author":"Dandy","year":"1922"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Neurological Surgery","first-page":"438","author":"Davis","year":"1939"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3680(18)30557-6","article-title":"Ventriculostomy for treatment of hydrocephalus.","volume":"4","author":"Drake","year":"1993"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199808000-00068","article-title":"Randomized trial of cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve design in pediatric hydrocephalus.","volume":"43","author":"Drake","year":"1998"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1159\/000028973","article-title":"Critical shunt-induced subdural hematoma treated with combined pressure-programmable valve implantation and endoscopic third ventriculostomy.","volume":"33","author":"Fukuhara","year":"2000"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200005000-00015","article-title":"Risk factors for failure of endoscopic third ventriculostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus.","volume":"46","author":"Fukuhara","year":"2000"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1053384","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus.","volume":"42","author":"Gangemi","year":"1999"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1159\/000121242","article-title":"Treatment of hydrocephalus with third ventriculocisternostomy: outcome and CSF flow patterns.","volume":"27","author":"Goumnerova","year":"1997"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Acta Neurochir","first-page":"275","article-title":"Ventriculo-cisternostomy for stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius. Puncture of the floor of the third ventricle with a leukotome under television control.","volume":"28","author":"Guiot","year":"1973"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199409000-00025","article-title":"A near-fatal complication of endoscopic third ventriculostomy: case report.","volume":"35","author":"Handler","year":"1994"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-11377","article-title":"Clinical features in patients requiring reoperation after failed endoscopic procedures for hydrocephalus.","volume":"43","author":"Hayashi","year":"2000"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol","first-page":"334","article-title":"A longitudinal study of shunt function in 360 patients with hydrocephalus.","volume":"25","author":"Hayden","year":"1983"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Minimally Invasive Techniques for Neurosurgery.","first-page":"65","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus caused by primary aqueductal stenosis","author":"Hellwig","year":"1998"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"J Neurosurg Sci","first-page":"29","article-title":"Stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius. Etiology and treatment.","volume":"30","author":"Hirsch","year":"1986"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198010000-00002","article-title":"Percutaneous third ventriculostomy in the management of noncommunicating hydrocephalus.","volume":"7","author":"Hoffmann","year":"1980"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199904000-00062","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: outcome analysis of 100 consecutive procedures.","volume":"44","author":"Hopf","year":"1999"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050186","article-title":"Late outcome of the surgical treatment of hydrocephalus.","volume":"14","author":"Hoppe-Hirsch","year":"1998"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1053445","article-title":"The current status of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the management of noncommunicating hydrocephalus.","volume":"37","author":"Jones","year":"1994"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199001000-00012","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy.","volume":"26","author":"Jones","year":"1990"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199305000-00024","article-title":"Third ventriculostomy for shunt infections in children.","volume":"32","author":"Jones","year":"1993"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Neuroendoscopy.","first-page":"63","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy","volume":"1","author":"Jones","year":"1992"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"Minimally Invasive Techniques for Neurosurgery.","first-page":"77","article-title":"The role of third ventriculostomy in previously shunted hydrocephalus","author":"Kehler","year":"1998"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1991.75.6.0865","article-title":"Stereotactic third ventriculostomy in patients with nontumoral adolescent\/adult onset aqueductal stenosis and symptomatic hydrocephalus.","volume":"75","author":"Kelly","year":"1991"},{"key":"b34","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1159\/000055960","article-title":"Long-term follow-up data from the Shunt Design Trial.","volume":"33","author":"Kestle","year":"2000"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.50.2.0179","article-title":"Long-term results after ventriculoatrial and ventriculoperitoneal shunting for infantile hydrocephalus.","volume":"50","author":"Keucher","year":"1979"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1053447","article-title":"Endoscopic fenestration of the 3rd ventricular floor in aqueductal stenosis.","volume":"37","author":"Kunz","year":"1994"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"Acta Psychiatr Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1949.tb07339.x","article-title":"Surgical procedure for atresia of aqueduct of Sylvius.","volume":"24","author":"Leksell","year":"1949"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"Boston Med Surg J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM192303011880909","article-title":"Ventriculoscopy and puncture of the floor of the third ventricle. Preliminary report of a case.","volume":"188","author":"Mixter","year":"1923"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-8323","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: towards more indications for the treatment of non-communicating hydrocephalus.","volume":"43","author":"Murshid","year":"2000"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198812000-00013","article-title":"Slit ventricle syndrome with aqueduct stenosis: third ventriculostomy as definitive treatment.","volume":"23","author":"Reddy","year":"1988"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"Neuroendoscopy.","first-page":"47","article-title":"Third ventriculostomy","volume":"1","author":"Sainte-Rose","year":"1992"},{"key":"b42","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1159\/000120557","article-title":"Mechanical complications in shunts.","volume":"17","author":"Sainte-Rose","year":"1991\/1992"},{"key":"b43","series-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/00008506-199907000-00008","article-title":"Pneumatocephalus and convulsion after ventriculoscopy: a potentially catastrophic complication.","volume":"11","author":"Saxena","year":"1999"},{"key":"b44","series-title":"Childs Brain","first-page":"24","article-title":"Percutaneous third ventriculostomy: experience and technique.","volume":"2","author":"Sayers","year":"1976"},{"key":"b45","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"870","article-title":"Third ventriculoscopy as the rational treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus.","volume":"6","author":"Scarff","year":"1935"},{"key":"b46","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1966.24.5.0935","article-title":"Third ventriculostomy by puncture of the lamina terminalis and the floor of third ventricle.","volume":"24","author":"Scarff","year":"1966"},{"key":"b47","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810000307","article-title":"Outcome analysis of endoscopic III ventriculostomy.","volume":"16","author":"Scarrow","year":"2000"},{"key":"b48","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.96.6.1032","article-title":"Complications of endoscopic third ventriculostomy.","volume":"96","author":"Schroeder","year":"2002"},{"key":"b49","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.1.0153","article-title":"Fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage after endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Case report.","volume":"90","author":"Schroeder","year":"1999"},{"key":"b50","series-title":"Minimally Invasive Techniques for Neurosurgery.","first-page":"73","article-title":"Third ventriculostomy in the treatment of hydrocephalus: experience with more than 120 cases","author":"Teo","year":"1998"},{"key":"b51","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1159\/000121098","article-title":"Management of hydrocephalus by endoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients with myelomeningocele.","volume":"25","author":"Teo","year":"1996"},{"key":"b52","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"248","article-title":"Complications of endoscopic neurosurgery.","volume":"12","author":"Teo","year":"1996"},{"key":"b53","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1093\/neurosurgery\/46.1.104","article-title":"How effective is endoscopic third ventriculostomy in treating adult hydrocephalus caused by primary aqueductal stenosis?","volume":"46","author":"Tisell","year":"2000"},{"key":"b54","series-title":"Acta Psychiatr Neurol Scand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1960.tb07596.x","article-title":"A follow-up study 14 to 20 years after ventriculocisternostomy.","volume":"35","author":"Torkildsen","year":"1960"},{"key":"b55","series-title":"Acta Chir Scand","first-page":"117","article-title":"New palliative operation in cases of inoperable occlusion of the sylvian aquaeduct.","volume":"82","author":"Torkildsen","year":"1939"},{"key":"b56","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(94)90265-8","article-title":"Percutaneous flexible neuroendoscopic ventriculostomy in patients with shunt malfunction as an alternative procedure to shunt revision.","volume":"42","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1994"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/98\/5\/article-p1032.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/98\/5\/article-p1032.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/98\/5\/article-p1032.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,26]],"date-time":"2023-03-26T16:10:24Z","timestamp":1679847024000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/98\/5\/article-p1032.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.2003.98.5.1032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}}}