{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T12:49:14Z","timestamp":1773406154899,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Object.<\/jats:italic> In this study the authors evaluate the efficacy of and complications associated with dedicated linear accelerator (LINAC) radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia (TN).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> Between August 1995 and February 2001, 60 patients whose median age was 66.1 years (range 45\u201388 years) were treated with dedicated LINAC radiosurgery for TN. Forty-one patients (68.3%) had essential TN, 12 (20%) had secondary facial pain, and seven (11.7%) had atypical features. Twenty-nine patients (48.3%) had undergone previous surgical procedures. Radiation doses varied between 70 and 90 Gy (mean 83.3 Gy) at the isocenter, with the last 35 patients (58.3%) treated with a 90-Gy dose. A 5-mm collimator was used in 45 patients (75%) and a 7.5-mm collimator in 15 patients (25%). Treatment was focused at the nerve root entry zone.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">At last follow up (mean follow-up period 23 months, range 2\u201370 months), 36 (87.8%) of the 41 patients with essential TN had sustained significant pain relief (good plus excellent results). Twenty-three patients (56.1%) were pain free without medication (excellent outcome), 13 (31.7%) had a 50 to 90% reduction in pain with or without medication (good outcome), and five (12.2%) had minor improvement or no relief. Of 12 patients with secondary facial pain, significant relief was sustained in seven patients (58.3%); worse results were found with atypical pain. Fifteen (25%) of the 60 patients experienced new numbness postprocedure; no other significant complications were found. Pain relief was experienced at a mean of 2.7 months (range 0\u201312 months).<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic> Dedicated LINAC radiosurgery is a precise and effective treatment for TN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.99.3.0511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T17:51:10Z","timestamp":1242237070000},"page":"511-516","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Dedicated linear accelerator radiosurgery for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Zachary A.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio A. F.","family":"De Salles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Frighetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Goss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steve P.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Selch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Cabatan-Awang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Solberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1077","article-title":"The long-term outcome of microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia.","volume":"334","author":"Barker","year":"1996"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Radiosurgery 1999.","first-page":"34","article-title":"Clinical experience with the cyberknife at Newport Radiosurgery Center","volume":"3","author":"Chenery","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"990","article-title":"Radiosurgery performed with the aid of a 3-mm collimator in the subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra of the vervet monkey.","volume":"95","author":"De Salles","year":"2001"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Stereotactic Surgery and Radiosurgery.","first-page":"277","article-title":"Treatment planning for stereotactic radiosurgery","author":"Goetsch","year":"1993"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"638","article-title":"Trigeminal neuralgia treated by the injection of glycerol into the trigeminal cistern.","volume":"9","author":"Hakanson","year":"1981"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"940","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia: a multiinstitutional study using the gamma unit.","volume":"84","author":"Kondziolka","year":"1996"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Acta Chir Scand","first-page":"311","article-title":"Stereotaxic radiosurgery in trigeminal neuralgia.","volume":"137","author":"Leksell","year":"1971"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"227","article-title":"Cranial nerve length predicts the risk of delayed facial and trigeminal neuropathies after acoustic tumor stereotactic radiosurgery.","volume":"25","author":"Linskey","year":"1993"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"14","article-title":"Clinical outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia.","volume":"94","author":"Maesawa","year":"2001"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"1007","article-title":"Percutaneous microcompression of the trigeminal ganglion for trigeminal neuralgia.","volume":"59","author":"Mullan","year":"1983"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"152","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery using 90 Gy for trigeminal neuralgia.","volume":"93","author":"Nicol","year":"2000"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"58","article-title":"High-dose trigeminal neuralgia radiosurgery associated with increased risk of trigeminal nerve dysfunction.","volume":"49","author":"Pollock","year":"2001"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"347","article-title":"Stereotactic radiosurgery for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia.","volume":"97","author":"Pollock","year":"2002"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","first-page":"93","article-title":"Leksell Gamma Knife treatment of tic douloureux.","volume":"61","author":"Rand","year":"1993"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","first-page":"182","article-title":"Effect of the Gamma Knife on trigeminal neuralgia.","volume":"64","author":"Regis","year":"1995"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"199","article-title":"Long-term outcome after gamma knife surgery for secondary trigeminal neuralgia.","volume":"95","author":"Regis","year":"2001"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys","first-page":"1013","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia: the initial experience of The Barrow Neurological Institute.","volume":"47","author":"Rogers","year":"2000"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"J Radiosurg","first-page":"115","article-title":"Technical aspects of LINAC radiosurgery for the treatment of small functional targets.","volume":"1","author":"Solberg","year":"1998"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"989","article-title":"A prospective 15-year follow up of 154 consecutive patients with trigeminal neuralgia treated by percutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency thermal rhizotomy.","volume":"83","author":"Taha","year":"1995"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","first-page":"200","article-title":"Gamma knife treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: clinical and electrophysiological study.","volume":"70","author":"Urgosik","year":"1998"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"454","article-title":"Linear accelerator as a neurosurgical tool for stereotactic radiosurgery.","volume":"22","author":"Winston","year":"1988"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg","first-page":"192","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.","volume":"70","author":"Young","year":"1998"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/99\/3\/article-p511.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/99\/3\/article-p511.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/99\/3\/article-p511.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]],"date-time":"2023-03-19T23:40:31Z","timestamp":1679269231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/99\/3\/article-p511.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.2003.99.3.0511","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}}}