{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T20:01:03Z","timestamp":1771272063633,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Object.<\/jats:italic> Penetrating brain injuries caused by self-inflicted gunshot wounds are very often fatal and survivors suffer serious disabilities. Recognition of a possibly more favorable prognosis for a specific type of injury, the submental or transoral handgun or low-energy rifle wound, prompted the authors to review their experience with patients who had attempted suicide in this manner.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> The records of 11 consecutive patients seen over a 10-year period (1992\u20132001) were retrospectively reviewed. Handguns were used by eight patients and .22 caliber rifles by the others. The patients presented with predominantly unilateral frontal brain injuries that required urgent attention. One elderly patient who had made an advance directive concerning care died. All other patients underwent craniotomy and repair of associated ophthalmological and maxillofacial injuries. Follow-up review ranged from 9 months to 3 years, during which time there were no repeated suicide attempts. All but one patient expressed satisfaction with their appearance and returned to a self-sufficient lifestyle.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic> Self-inflicted submental and transoral handgun and low-energy rifle wounds may produce serious but survivable brain injuries if the path of the bullet is limited to the frontal area. Early aggressive management of brain, dural, and craniomaxillofacial injuries should return the patient to a highly functional neurological status and restore an acceptable outward appearance. Outcomes, therefore, appear to be much better for these patients than for most patients with a penetrating brain injury due to a self-inflicted gunshot wound.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2005.102.6.1029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T18:04:03Z","timestamp":1242237843000},"page":"1029-1032","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Self-inflicted submental and transoral gunshot wounds that produce nonfatal brain injuries: management and prognosis"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"J. David","family":"Kriet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"Stanley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Sean","family":"Grady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Trauma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197203000-00006","article-title":"Gunshot wounds of the face: initial care.","volume":"12","author":"Broadbent","year":"1972"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1988.01860170043015","article-title":"Surgical care of submental gunshot wounds.","volume":"114","author":"Calhoun","year":"1988"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Advanced Trauma Life Support Course for Physicians","year":"1993"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"J Forensic Sci","first-page":"480","article-title":"Sites of suicidal gunshot wounds.","volume":"26","author":"Eisele","year":"1981"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Forens Sci Soc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-7368(72)70693-3","article-title":"Homicidal gunshot wound of mouth.","volume":"12","author":"Fatteh","year":"1972"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Mil Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/130.6.545","article-title":"Ballistic and forensic pathologic aspects of missile wounds. Conversion between Anglo-American and metric-system units.","volume":"130","author":"Finck","year":"1965"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"J Trauma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-196509000-00007","article-title":"Outcome of self-inflicted gunshot wounds of the head.","volume":"5","author":"Goodman","year":"1965"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3109\/02844319009004525","article-title":"Close range blasts toward the maxillofacial region in attempted suicide.","volume":"24","author":"Henriksson","year":"1990"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198606000-00002","article-title":"Gunshot wounds to the head: A perspective.","volume":"18","author":"Kaufman","year":"1986"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet","first-page":"517","article-title":"Surgical management of shotgun injuries of the face.","volume":"140","author":"Kersten","year":"1975"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988809800606","article-title":"Self-inflicted shotgun wounds of the face: surgical and psychiatric considerations.","volume":"98","author":"Mathog","year":"1988"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"J Trauma","first-page":"S44","article-title":"Part 2: prognosis in penetrating brain injury.","volume":"51","year":"2001"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"J Trauma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198020050-00002","article-title":"Self-inflicted gunshot wounds to the face: a review of 18 cases.","volume":"20","author":"Shuck","year":"1980"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Can J Neurol Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100026597","article-title":"The management of .22 caliber gunshot wounds of the brain: a review of 49 cases.","volume":"14","author":"Suddaby","year":"1987"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/102\/6\/article-p1029.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/102\/6\/article-p1029.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/102\/6\/article-p1029.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T14:50:47Z","timestamp":1656859847000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg\/102\/6\/article-p1029.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.2005.102.6.1029","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]}}}