{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T10:48:37Z","timestamp":1782211717852,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"abstract":"\n Object.<\/jats:italic>\n The effects of premature sutural synostosis on the developing brain remain unknown. A model of craniosynostosis in the perinatal rat was used to investigate the morphological and cytoarchitectural changes in the maturing brain as well as the neurobehavioral outcome.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Methods.<\/jats:italic>\n A total of 56 perinatal rats, eight in each subgroup, were used in this study. Hypothermic arrest was induced in the rats and methyl 2-cyanocrylate was applied across the sagittal, coronal, and lambdoidal sutures at postnatal Days 0, 3, and 7. Sham rats underwent similar hypothermic arrest and application of methyl 2-cyanoacrylate but at a site different from the sutural lines. Age-matched rats that did not undergo any procedure were included as normal controls. Serial gross measurements were obtained to chart calvarial growth and computerized tomography scanning was performed to calculate mean calvarial volumes. At postnatal Day 30, the brains were fixed in situ and detailed morphological and cytoarchitectural analysis was conducted.\n <\/jats:p>\n There were no statistical differences in any of the analyses between sham rats and normal age-matched controls. In contrast, calvarial growth rates (analysis of variance, p < 0.05), mean brain weights (t-test, p < 0.01), and anterior\u2014posterior and lateral diameter measurements (t-test, p < 0.01) were different for all synostotic rats compared with sham controls. On cytoarchitectural surveys, focal areas of nodular heterotopia and differences in cell density at the pyramidal cell layer were noted (t-test, p < 0.01). Open field testing also demonstrated excessive exploratory behavior in the synostosed animals.<\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>\n Early pan-calvarial sutural synostosis in the perinatal rat after administration of methyl 2-cyanoacrylate is associated with morphometrical and cytoarchitectural changes in the developing brain.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/ped.2005.102.4.0396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,27]],"date-time":"2010-08-27T06:01:09Z","timestamp":1282888869000},"page":"396-402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A morphometric, neuroanatomical, and behavioral study on the effects of geometric constraint on the growing brain: the methyl 2-cyanoacrylate craniosynostosis model"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Cornelius H.","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid A.","family":"Sethi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter C.","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1965.22.3.0229","article-title":"Craniosynostosis: a survey of 204 cases.","volume":"22","author":"Anderson","year":"1965"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management","first-page":"177","article-title":"Neurologic aspects of craniosynostosis","author":"Camfield","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.86.2.0177","article-title":"Classification of previously unclassified cases of craniosynostosis.","volume":"86","author":"Chumas","year":"1997"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management","first-page":"77","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor receptor mutations","author":"Cohen","year":"2000"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-199209000-00004","article-title":"An in utero model of craniosynostosis.","volume":"3","author":"Duncan","year":"1992"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1980.53.6.0794","article-title":"The effects of mechanical immobilization on sutural development in the growing rabbit.","volume":"53","author":"Foley","year":"1980"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01741422","article-title":"Clinical and ultrastructural observations of maturing human frontal cortex. Part I (Biopsy material of hydrocephalic infants).","volume":"11","author":"Glees","year":"1988"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Am J Dis Child","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1966.02090120057004","article-title":"The chronic brain syndrome of infantile hydrocephalus. A follow-up study of 63 spontaneously arrested cases.","volume":"112","author":"Hagberg","year":"1966"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.51.6.0796","article-title":"Early neurosurgical repair in craniofacial dysmorphism.","volume":"51","author":"Hoffman","year":"1979"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Developmental Neurobiology","first-page":"421","author":"Jacobsen","year":"1991"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1998_035_0197_mdaldi_2.3.co_2","article-title":"Mental development and learning disorders in children with single suture craniosynostosis.","volume":"35","author":"Kapp-Simon","year":"1998"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Plas Reconstr Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199392050-00008","article-title":"Longitudinal assessment of mental development in infants with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis with and without cranial release and reconstruction.","volume":"92","author":"Kapp-Simon","year":"1993"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1997_034_0380_osipia_2.3.co_2","article-title":"Observed social interaction patterns in adolescents with and without craniofacial conditions.","volume":"34","author":"Kapp-Simon","year":"1997"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Physiol Behav","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(93)90382-P","article-title":"A rat model for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.","volume":"53","author":"Kohlert","year":"1993"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2002_039_0073_udoc_2.0.co_2","article-title":"Ultrasound diagnosis of craniosynostosis.","volume":"39","author":"Miller","year":"2002"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"1","article-title":"Les dysmorphies cranio-faciales. Les synostoses pr\u00e9maturees (cr\u00e2niost\u00e9noses et faciost\u00e9noses).","volume":"23","author":"Montaut","year":"1977"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Childs Nerv System","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050220","article-title":"A rabbit model of human familial, nonsyndromic unicoronal suture synostosis. II: Intracranial contents, intracranial volume, and intracranial pressure.","volume":"14","author":"Mooney","year":"1998"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.58.1.0101","article-title":"Experimental craniosynostosis in growing rabbits. The role of the periosteum.","volume":"58","author":"Nappen","year":"1983"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Handbook of Neuroradiology.","first-page":"172","author":"Osborn","year":"1991"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.50.2.0187","article-title":"Craniofacial growth following experimental craniosynostosis and craniectomy in rabbits.","volume":"50","author":"Persson","year":"1979"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Scientific Foundations and Surgical Treatment of Craniosynostosis.","first-page":"263","article-title":"Intracranial pressure in craniosynostosis: pre- and postoperative recordings\u2014correlations with functional results","author":"Renier","year":"1989"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Nat Genet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/74231","article-title":"Msx2 deficiency in mice causes pleiotropic defects in bone growth and ectodermal organ formation.","volume":"24","author":"Satokata","year":"2000"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199602000-00002","article-title":"Long-term studies of metopic synostosis: frequency of cognitive impairment and behavioral disturbances.","volume":"97","author":"Sidoti","year":"1996"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00301758","article-title":"Subdural intracranial pressure monitoring in craniosynostosis: its role in surgical management.","volume":"11","author":"Thompson","year":"1995"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Verh Phys Med Gesellsch (Wurzburg)","first-page":"230","article-title":"\u00dcber den cretinismus, namentlich in franken, und \u00fcber pathologische sch\u00e4delformen.","volume":"2","author":"Virchow","year":"1851"},{"key":"b1","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1965.22.3.0229","article-title":"Craniosynostosis: a survey of 204 cases.","volume":"22","author":"Anderson","year":"1965"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management","first-page":"177","article-title":"Neurologic aspects of craniosynostosis","author":"Camfield","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.86.2.0177","article-title":"Classification of previously unclassified cases of craniosynostosis.","volume":"86","author":"Chumas","year":"1997"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Craniosynostosis: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management","first-page":"77","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor receptor mutations","author":"Cohen","year":"2000"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-199209000-00004","article-title":"An in utero model of craniosynostosis.","volume":"3","author":"Duncan","year":"1992"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1980.53.6.0794","article-title":"The effects of mechanical immobilization on sutural development in the growing rabbit.","volume":"53","author":"Foley","year":"1980"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurg Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01741422","article-title":"Clinical and ultrastructural observations of maturing human frontal cortex. Part I (Biopsy material of hydrocephalic infants).","volume":"11","author":"Glees","year":"1988"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Am J Dis Child","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1966.02090120057004","article-title":"The chronic brain syndrome of infantile hydrocephalus. A follow-up study of 63 spontaneously arrested cases.","volume":"112","author":"Hagberg","year":"1966"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.51.6.0796","article-title":"Early neurosurgical repair in craniofacial dysmorphism.","volume":"51","author":"Hoffman","year":"1979"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Developmental Neurobiology","first-page":"421","author":"Jacobsen","year":"1991"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1998_035_0197_mdaldi_2.3.co_2","article-title":"Mental development and learning disorders in children with single suture craniosynostosis.","volume":"35","author":"Kapp-Simon","year":"1998"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Plas Reconstr Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199392050-00008","article-title":"Longitudinal assessment of mental development in infants with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis with and without cranial release and reconstruction.","volume":"92","author":"Kapp-Simon","year":"1993"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1997_034_0380_osipia_2.3.co_2","article-title":"Observed social interaction patterns in adolescents with and without craniofacial conditions.","volume":"34","author":"Kapp-Simon","year":"1997"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Physiol Behav","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(93)90382-P","article-title":"A rat model for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.","volume":"53","author":"Kohlert","year":"1993"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2002_039_0073_udoc_2.0.co_2","article-title":"Ultrasound diagnosis of craniosynostosis.","volume":"39","author":"Miller","year":"2002"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"1","article-title":"Les dysmorphies cranio-faciales. Les synostoses pr\u00e9maturees (cr\u00e2niost\u00e9noses et faciost\u00e9noses).","volume":"23","author":"Montaut","year":"1977"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Childs Nerv System","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050220","article-title":"A rabbit model of human familial, nonsyndromic unicoronal suture synostosis. II: Intracranial contents, intracranial volume, and intracranial pressure.","volume":"14","author":"Mooney","year":"1998"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.58.1.0101","article-title":"Experimental craniosynostosis in growing rabbits. The role of the periosteum.","volume":"58","author":"Nappen","year":"1983"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Handbook of Neuroradiology.","first-page":"172","author":"Osborn","year":"1991"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.50.2.0187","article-title":"Craniofacial growth following experimental craniosynostosis and craniectomy in rabbits.","volume":"50","author":"Persson","year":"1979"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Scientific Foundations and Surgical Treatment of Craniosynostosis.","first-page":"263","article-title":"Intracranial pressure in craniosynostosis: pre- and postoperative recordings\u2014correlations with functional results","author":"Renier","year":"1989"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Nat Genet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/74231","article-title":"Msx2 deficiency in mice causes pleiotropic defects in bone growth and ectodermal organ formation.","volume":"24","author":"Satokata","year":"2000"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199602000-00002","article-title":"Long-term studies of metopic synostosis: frequency of cognitive impairment and behavioral disturbances.","volume":"97","author":"Sidoti","year":"1996"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00301758","article-title":"Subdural intracranial pressure monitoring in craniosynostosis: its role in surgical management.","volume":"11","author":"Thompson","year":"1995"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Verh Phys Med Gesellsch (Wurzburg)","first-page":"230","article-title":"\u00dcber den cretinismus, namentlich in franken, und \u00fcber pathologische sch\u00e4delformen.","volume":"2","author":"Virchow","year":"1851"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/102\/4\/article-p396.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/102\/4\/article-p396.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/102\/4\/article-p396.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T10:15:02Z","timestamp":1782209702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/102\/4\/article-p396.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/ped.2005.102.4.0396","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}}}