{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T22:42:22Z","timestamp":1792276942225,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"abstract":"\n \n Object<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:title>\n The failure rate following endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in infants younger than 1 year of age has been reported to be higher compared with that of older children. The authors present results of ETVs in such infants and advocate that success or failure of the procedure depends not on the age of the patient but on the cause of the hydrocephalus.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n \n Methods<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:title>\n The authors retrospectively reviewed the management and outcome of 18 ETVs in infants for the treatment of hydrocephalus. The surgeries were performed between November 1996 and October 2002. The mean age at the time of surgery was 150 days (range 9\u2013354 days). The minimal follow-up period was 18 months and the mean was 50 months. The authors divided the patients into the following three groups: obstructive hydrocephalus (four infants), communicating hydrocephalus (10 infants), and hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocele (four infants).<\/jats:p>\n No perioperative death occurred, and perioperative transient morbidity related to ETV was low. The success of the procedure was determined by the cause of the hydrocephalus. Infants with obstructive hydrocephalus had a 100% success rate (four of four), and infants with communicating hydrocephalus had a 10% success rate (one of 10). In infants with hydrocephalus related to myelomeningocele, the success rate was 50% (two of four).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n \n Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:title>\n The authors conclude that ETV presents an effective alternative for the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus in infants younger than 1 year of age. Age does not present a contraindication for ETV, nor does it increase the perioperative risk. The success of ETV is determined by the cause of the hydrocephalus.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/ped.2005.103.1.0050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,27]],"date-time":"2010-08-27T06:01:30Z","timestamp":1282888890000},"page":"50-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in infants"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Fritsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Kienke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Ankermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Padoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Maximilian","family":"Mehdorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1159\/000028616","article-title":"Basilar artery perforation as a complication of endoscopic third ventriculostomy.","volume":"28","author":"Abtin","year":"1998"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-002-0652-6","article-title":"Is the success rate of endoscopic third ventriculostomy age-dependent? An analysis of the results of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in young children.","volume":"18","author":"Beems","year":"2002"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1159\/000120922","article-title":"Intraventricular hemorrhage complicating ventricular catheter revision: incidence and effect on shunt survival.","volume":"22","author":"Brownlee","year":"1995"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1159\/000028693","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients less than 1 year old.","volume":"29","author":"Buxton","year":"1998"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00261592","article-title":"Shunt complications in the first postoperative year in children with meningomyelocele.","volume":"12","author":"Caldarelli","year":"1996"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.3.0448","article-title":"Failure of third ventriculostomy in the treatment of aqueductal stenosis in children.","volume":"90","author":"Cinalli","year":"1999"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00335171","article-title":"A survey of the first complication of newly implanted CSF shunt devices for the treatment of nontumoral hydrocephalus. Cooperative survey of the 1991\u20131992 Education Committee of the ISPN.","volume":"10","author":"Di Rocco","year":"1994"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1159\/000121242","article-title":"Treatment of hydrocephalus with third ventriculocisternostomy: outcome and CSF flow patterns.","volume":"27","author":"Goumnerova","year":"1997"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.97.1.0211","article-title":"Death after late failure of third ventriculostomy in children.","volume":"97","author":"Hader","year":"2002"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199409000-00025","article-title":"A near-fatal complication of endoscopic third ventriculostomy: case report.","volume":"35","author":"Handler","year":"1994"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199904000-00062","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy: outcome analysis of 100 consecutive procedures.","volume":"44","author":"Hopf","year":"1999"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1159\/000028644","article-title":"Death in shunted hydrocephalic children in the 1990s.","volume":"28","author":"Iskandar","year":"1998"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl","first-page":"79","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy. A practical alternative to extracranial shunts in non-communicating hydrocephalus.","volume":"61","author":"Jones","year":"1994"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00335075","article-title":"Time-related patterns of ventricular shunt failure.","volume":"10","author":"Kast","year":"1994"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050223","article-title":"Multiple shunt failures: an analysis of relevant factors.","volume":"14","author":"Lazareff","year":"1998"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000120950","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid shunt failure: late is different from early.","volume":"23","author":"Piatt","year":"1995"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Principles and Practice of Pediatric Neurosurgery.","first-page":"47","article-title":"Treatment of hydrocephalus","author":"Rekate","year":"1999"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1159\/000120949","article-title":"Long-term complications of hydrocephalus.","volume":"23","author":"Sgouros","year":"1995"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","first-page":"248","article-title":"Complications of endoscopic neurosurgery.","volume":"12","author":"Teo","year":"1996"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.92.1.0031","article-title":"Risk factors for repeated cerebrospinal shunt failures in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus.","volume":"92","author":"Tuli","year":"2000"},{"key":"b1","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1159\/000028616","article-title":"Basilar artery perforation as a complication of endoscopic third ventriculostomy.","volume":"28","author":"Abtin","year":"1998"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-002-0652-6","article-title":"Is the success rate of endoscopic third ventriculostomy age-dependent? An analysis of the results of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in young children.","volume":"18","author":"Beems","year":"2002"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1159\/000120922","article-title":"Intraventricular hemorrhage complicating ventricular catheter revision: incidence and effect on shunt survival.","volume":"22","author":"Brownlee","year":"1995"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1159\/000028693","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy in patients less than 1 year old.","volume":"29","author":"Buxton","year":"1998"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00261592","article-title":"Shunt complications in the first postoperative year in children with meningomyelocele.","volume":"12","author":"Caldarelli","year":"1996"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.3.0448","article-title":"Failure of third ventriculostomy in the treatment of aqueductal stenosis in children.","volume":"90","author":"Cinalli","year":"1999"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Childs Nerv Syst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00335171","article-title":"A survey of the first complication of newly implanted CSF shunt devices for the treatment of nontumoral hydrocephalus. 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