{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T13:30:07Z","timestamp":1783776607234,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Object<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Intraventricular anatomy has been detailed as it pertains to endoscopic surgery within the third ventricle, particularly for performing endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and endoscopic colloid cyst resection. The expanding role of endoscopic surgery warrants a careful appraisal of these techniques as they relate to frequent anatomical variants. Given the common occurrence of cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) and cavum vergae (CV), the endoscopic surgeon should be familiar with that particular anatomy especially as it pertains to surgery within the third ventricle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>From a prospective database of endoscopic surgical cases were selected those cases in which the defined pathology necessitated surgery within the third ventricle and there was coexistent CSP and CV. Pertinent radiographic studies, operative notes, and archived video files were reviewed to define the relevant anatomy. Features of the intracavitary anatomy were assessed regarding their importance in approaching the third ventricle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Four cases involving endoscopic surgery within the third ventricle (2 colloid cyst resections and 2 ETVs) were identified in which the surgical objective was accomplished through a septal cavum. In each case the width of the body of the lateral ventricle was reduced and the foramen of Monro was obscured. Because of the ventricular distortion, a stereotactic transcavum route was used for approaching the third ventricle. Entry into the third ventricle was accomplished through an interforniceal fenestration immediately behind the anterior commissure. The surgical goal was met in each case without any neurological change or postoperative morbidity. During the follow-up period, there has been no recurrence of a colloid cyst and no need of a secondary cerebrospinal fluid diversionary procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In the presence of a CSP and CV, endoscopic navigation into the third ventricle can be problematic via a transforaminal approach. Alternatively, a transcavum interforniceal route for endoscopic surgery in the third ventricle is suggested, with the rostral lamina and the anterior commissure as important anatomical landmarks. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy and endoscopic colloid cyst resection performed via a transcavum interforniceal route in patients with a coexistent septal cavum is a feasible and safe option.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/ped.2008.2.10.231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]],"date-time":"2008-10-02T13:35:14Z","timestamp":1222954514000},"page":"231-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Transcavum interforniceal endoscopic surgery of the third ventricle"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Mark M.","family":"Souweidane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin E.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore H.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0020231","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.89.6.1062","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment of colloid cysts of the third ventricle. Technical note and review of the literature","volume":"89","author":"Abdou","year":"1998"},{"key":"b2-0020231","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"462","article-title":"Cavum vergae without cavum septi pellucidi","volume":"106","author":"Auer","year":"1982"},{"key":"b3-0020231","series-title":"J Child Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389801300305","article-title":"Cavum septi pellucidi and cavum vergae in normal and developmentally delayed populations","volume":"13","author":"Bodensteiner","year":"1998"},{"key":"b4-0020231","series-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology","first-page":"299","article-title":"Agenesis septi pellucidi, cavum septi pellucidi, cavum Vergae, and cavum veli interpositi","author":"Bruyn","year":"1977"},{"key":"b5-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199803000-00047","article-title":"Expanding cava septi pellucidi and cava vergae in children: report of three cases","volume":"42","author":"Cohen","year":"1998"},{"key":"b6-0020231","series-title":"Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System","author":"Crosby","year":"1962"},{"key":"b7-0020231","series-title":"Arch Neurol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1931.02230010056003","article-title":"Congenital cerebral cysts of the cavum septi pellucidi (fifth ventricle) and cavum vergae (sixth ventricle): diagnosis and treatment","volume":"25","author":"Dandy","year":"1931"},{"key":"b8-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199806000-00051","article-title":"Endoscopic management of colloid cysts","volume":"42","author":"Decq","year":"1998"},{"key":"b9-0020231","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-40732","article-title":"Giant cyst of the cavum septi pellucidi, cavum Vergae and veli interpositi","volume":"46","author":"Donati","year":"2003"},{"key":"b10-0020231","series-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199511000-00036","article-title":"MRI of cavum vergae without cavum septi pellucidi","volume":"19","author":"Donovan","year":"1995"},{"key":"b11-0020231","series-title":"Minim Invasive Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-42351","article-title":"Symptomatic cysts of the cavum septi pellucidi and cavum vergae: the role of endoscopic neurosurgery in the treatment of four consecutive cases","volume":"46","author":"Fratzoglou","year":"2003"},{"key":"b12-0020231","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.88.3.0496","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic approach to intra-ventricular lesions","volume":"88","author":"Gaab","year":"1998"},{"key":"b13-0020231","series-title":"Am J Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.10.1717","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging study of the cavum septi pellucidi in patients with schizophrenia","volume":"158","author":"Hagino","year":"2001"},{"key":"b14-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000047671.27057.55","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic treatment for colloid cysts of the third ventricle: the experience of a decade","volume":"52","author":"Hellwig","year":"2003"},{"key":"b15-0020231","series-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl","first-page":"79","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy. A practical alternative to extracranial shunts in non-communicating hydrocephalus","volume":"61","author":"Jones","year":"1994"},{"key":"b16-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199001000-00012","article-title":"Endoscopic third ventriculostomy","volume":"26","author":"Jones","year":"1990"},{"key":"b17-0020231","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.185.2.1410364","article-title":"CT of 338 active professional boxers","volume":"185","author":"Jordan","year":"1992"},{"key":"b18-0020231","series-title":"Biol Neonat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1159\/000239815","article-title":"[Cavum septi lucidi, cavum Vergae, cavum veli interpositi: cavities of the median line. Anatomical and pneumoencephalographic study in the neonatal period.]","volume":"3","author":"Larroche","year":"1961"},{"key":"b19-0020231","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1994.81.2.0174","article-title":"Surgical resection of third ventricle colloid cysts. Preliminary results comparing transcallosal microsurgery with endoscopy","volume":"81","author":"Lewis","year":"1994"},{"issue":"6","key":"b20-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E3","article-title":"Neuroendoscopic resection of posterior third ventricular ependymoma. Case report","volume":"18","author":"Luther","year":"2005"},{"key":"b21-0020231","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"799","article-title":"Neurological disease in boxers","volume":"2","author":"Mawdsley","year":"1963"},{"key":"b22-0020231","series-title":"Neuroanatomy","author":"Mettler","year":"1942"},{"key":"b23-0020231","series-title":"Epilepsia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00516.x","article-title":"Transcallosal resection of hypothalamic hamartoma for intractable epilepsy","volume":"47","author":"Ng","year":"2006"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"b24-0020231","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2004.09.012","article-title":"Cleft cavum of the septum pellucidum in victims of fatal road traffic accidents: a distinct type of cavum associated with severe diffuse axonal injury","volume":"63","author":"Pittella","year":"2005"},{"key":"b25-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200003000-00025","article-title":"Endoscopic colloid cyst surgery","volume":"46","author":"Rodziewicz","year":"2000"},{"key":"b26-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"108","article-title":"Transcallosal resection of hypothalamic hamartomas, with control of seizures, in children with gelastic epilepsy","volume":"48","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"2001"},{"key":"b27-0020231","series-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol","first-page":"989","article-title":"The septum pellucidum: normal and abnormal","volume":"10","author":"Sarwar","year":"1989"},{"key":"b28-0020231","series-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol","first-page":"554","article-title":"Subtle anomalies of the septum pellucidum and neurodevelopmental deficits","volume":"36","author":"Schaefer","year":"1994"},{"key":"b29-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200212000-00014","article-title":"Endoscopic resection of colloid cysts","volume":"51","author":"Schroeder","year":"2002"},{"key":"b30-0020231","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1148\/81.4.610","article-title":"Congenital dilatations of the septum pellucidum","volume":"81","author":"Schunk","year":"1963"},{"key":"b31-0020231","series-title":"AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1952.02320170043006","article-title":"Incidence of cavum septi pellucidi and cavum Vergae in 1,032 human brains","volume":"67","author":"Schwidde","year":"1952"},{"key":"b32-0020231","series-title":"Brain","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/92.1.213","article-title":"Cava septi pellucidi et vergae: their normal and pathogical states","volume":"92","author":"Shaw","year":"1969"},{"key":"b33-0020231","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.7.820","article-title":"Cavum septum pellucidum and obstructive hydrocephalus","volume":"56","author":"Silbert","year":"1993"},{"key":"b34-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"390","article-title":"Microsurgical anatomy of the transcallosal anterior interforniceal approach to the third ventricle","volume":"56","author":"Siwanuwatn","year":"2005"},{"key":"b35-0020231","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2006.105.2.271","article-title":"Endoscopic resection of solid intraventricular brain tumors","volume":"105","author":"Souweidane","year":"2006"},{"key":"b36-0020231","series-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1159\/000028994","article-title":"Endoscopic biopsy for tumors of the third ventricle","volume":"33","author":"Souweidane","year":"2000"},{"key":"b37-0020231","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2006.03.033","article-title":"Transcavum septum pellucidum interforniceal approach for the colloid cyst of the third ventricle: operative nuance","volume":"66","author":"Timurkaynak","year":"2006"},{"key":"b38-0020231","series-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2000000500026","article-title":"Endoscopic transepto-interforniceal approach to colloid cysts: case report","volume":"58","author":"Vialogo","year":"2000"},{"key":"b39-0020231","series-title":"J Neurosurg Sci","first-page":"41","article-title":"Transcallosal approach to tumors of the third ventricle. Surgical results and neuropsychological evaluation","volume":"41","author":"Villani","year":"1997"},{"key":"b40-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199507000-00021","article-title":"Expanding cava septi pellucidi and cava vergae in children: report of three cases","volume":"37","author":"Wester","year":"1995"},{"key":"b41-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"879","article-title":"Transcallosal interforniceal-transforaminal approach for removing lesions occupying the third ventricular space: clinical and neuropsychological results","volume":"46","author":"Winkler","year":"2000"},{"key":"b42-0020231","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199705000-00020","article-title":"The transcallosal interforniceal approach to the third ventricle: anatomic and microsurgical aspects","volume":"40","author":"Winkler","year":"1997"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/2\/4\/article-p231.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/2\/4\/article-p231.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/2\/4\/article-p231.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T14:03:47Z","timestamp":1681567427000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-pediatr\/2\/4\/article-p231.xml"}},"subtitle":["Clinical article"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/ped.2008.2.10.231","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-0707","1933-0715"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-0707","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-0715","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]}}}