{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T21:10:42Z","timestamp":1681593042582},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Object.<\/jats:italic> Because central nervous system white matter exerts a powerful inhibitory effect on axonal growth, implantation of nerve grafts or rootlets into the cervical spinal cord following ventral root avulsion injury should, ideally, be performed directly through the ventral root exit zone (VRExZ), which is located near the anteromedial aspect of the anterior horn; the grafts\/rootlets should not be implanted into the white matter of the lateral cord. This is not possible when using a conservative posterior approach. Therefore, the authors have studied the anatomy encountered when using the anterolateral approach and evaluated the technique in the particular case of avulsed ventral nerve roots. They also present a case illustration of the procedure, which is used currently in their department.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> Anterior access to the rootlets is obtained using a lateral interscalenic approach; the vertebral artery is exposed and mobilized, and oblique drilling of the vertebral bodies (VBs) is performed. Because the articular processes and half of the VBs are preserved, fusion is not required.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\">The approach allows the surgeon to expose the anterior aspect of the cervical dura and the entire length of the emerging spinal nerves. The anterior aspect of the dura is opened at the desired levels for VRExZ exposure, and the position is ideal for implantation of the graft\/rootlets. The interscalenic dissection is mandatory so that the lesions of the supraclavicular plexus can be evaluated and repaired. If necessary, the anterior approach allows for exploration of the infraclavicular plexus during the same procedure.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p content-type=\"fine-print\"><jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic> The use of a true anterior approach to the ventral rootlets appears to be a valuable and appropriate approach that avoids extensive laminectomy\/facetectomy while reimplantation is performed through the anterolateral sulcus itself. In this approach, however, reimplantation of dorsal roots into the spinal cord remains impossible.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2001.95.2.0202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]],"date-time":"2009-05-07T15:51:25Z","timestamp":1241711485000},"page":"202-207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Lateral interscalenic multilevel oblique corpectomies to repair ventral root avulsions after brachial plexus injury in humans: anatomical study and first clinical experience"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Henri-Dominique","family":"Fournier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Mercier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Menei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot","first-page":"75","article-title":"[Surgical technic in paralysis of the brachial plexus.]","volume":"63","author":"Alnot","year":"1977"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"J Neurosurg (Spine 2)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2000.93.2.0237","article-title":"Spinal nerve root repair and reimplantation of avulsed ventral roots into the spinal cord after brachial plexus injury.","volume":"93","author":"Carlstedt","year":"2000"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92342-X","article-title":"Return of function after spinal cord implantation of avulsed spinal nerve roots.","volume":"346","author":"Carlstedt","year":"1995"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Neuron","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(88)90212-7","article-title":"Antibody against myelin-associated inhibitor of neurite growth neutralizes nonpermissive substrate properties of CNS white matter.","volume":"1","author":"Caroni","year":"1988"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Surg Radiol Anat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-001-0191-y","article-title":"Ideal intraspinal implantation site to repair ventral root avulsion after brachial plexus injury in humans; a preliminary anatomical study.","volume":"23","author":"Fournier","year":"2001"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Surg Radiol Anat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-001-0003-4","article-title":"Anatomical bases of the posterior approach to the brachial plexus for repairing avulsed spinal nerve roots.","volume":"23","author":"Fournier","year":"2001"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199901000-00046","article-title":"Multisegmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy and radiculopathy treated by multilevel oblique corpectomies without fusion.","volume":"44","author":"George","year":"1999"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"The Vertebral Artery: Pathology and Surgery.","year":"1987"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"171","article-title":"[Cervical spondylosis. 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