{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T11:19:18Z","timestamp":1761823158043},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S1\">\n<jats:title><jats:italic>Object<\/jats:italic><\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The authors conducted a study to determine the surgery-related results and outcomes in patients with synovial cysts of the lumbar spine. They emphasize several specific characteristics useful in clinical management.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"S2\">\n<jats:title><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic><\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Forty-six consecutive patients with 54 lumbar synovial cysts underwent surgery between 1990 and 2001. A retrospective analysis of the clinical presentation and follow-up data, radiological findings, and surgical techniques was performed. Clinical presentation was dominated by acute or subacute sciatic pain. No specific symptom allowed differentiation of synovial cyst from a lumbar disc herniation. Computerized tomography scanning aided in establishing the correct diagnosis in 19 of 30 cases and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging did so in all cases. Three of the 46 patients presented with bilateral lumbar synovial cysts. The L4\u20135 level was affected in 61%, and radiological signs of disc degeneration\/spondylosis were observed in 54% of the patients. Immediate symptom relief without local recurrence was obtained by complete microsurgical excision in which bipolar coagulation was used to remove the synovial membrane and in which the interapophysial joint was preserved. During the 1st postoperative year, a newly formed symptomatic synovial cyst developed on the contralateral side or at a superior vertebral level in five patients. They underwent surgery; results were good and there was no recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"S3\">\n<jats:title><jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic><\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The findings in this series suggest that synovial cysts can occur at multiple lumbar sites within a short period of time and could be predisposed to developing in certain individuals, predominantly in women older than 40 years of age. Postoperative follow up is recommended and MR imaging mandatory in cases of recurrent sciatica.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2003.99.1.0014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,7]],"date-time":"2009-05-07T15:57:33Z","timestamp":1241711853000},"page":"14-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Synovial cysts of the lumbar spine: surgery-related results and outcome"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Benoit","family":"Pirotte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolay","family":"Gabrovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Massager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Levivier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Brotchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"102","article-title":"[Synovial cysts of the lumbar interapophyseal joints. Apropos of 2 cases and review of the literature.]","volume":"34","author":"Auque","year":"1988"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198808000-00019","article-title":"Midline lumbar ganglion\/synovial cyst mimicking an epidural tumor: case report and review of pathogenesis.","volume":"23","author":"Azzam","year":"1988"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198606000-00018","article-title":"Intraspinal synovial cyst simulating spinal stenosis. A case report.","volume":"11","author":"Baum","year":"1986"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Neuroradiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00327690","article-title":"Synovial cyst (ganglion) of the lumbar spine simulating extradural mass.","volume":"18","author":"Bhushan","year":"1979"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.35.6.771","article-title":"Lumbar intraspinal extradural ganglion cyst.","volume":"35","author":"Brish","year":"1972"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198801000-00011","article-title":"Echinococcal infection of the spine with neural involvement.","volume":"13","author":"Charles","year":"1988"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.157.2.1853838","article-title":"MR of intraspinal synovial cyst: rim enhancement with gadopentetate dimeglumine.","volume":"157","author":"Chiang","year":"1991"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198701000-00049","article-title":"Bilateral synovial cysts creating spinal stenosis: CT diagnosis.","volume":"11","author":"Conrad","year":"1987"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(93)90005-L","article-title":"Bilateral synovial cysts of the thoracic spine: a case report.","volume":"39","author":"Doherty","year":"1993"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"283","article-title":"Table ronde: les sciatiques chirurgicales non discales.","volume":"24","author":"Duplay","year":"1978"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"169","article-title":"[Radicular sciatica due to an intrarachidian mucoid cyst in a child.]","volume":"21","author":"Faivre","year":"1975"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198901000-00029","article-title":"Gas-filled intraspinal synovial cyst. A case report.","volume":"14","author":"Fardon","year":"1989"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199305000-00020","article-title":"Juxta-facet cysts. Report of two cases and review of clinicopathologic features.","volume":"18","author":"Finkelstein","year":"1993"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1987.66.2.0293","article-title":"A posttraumatic lumbar spinal synovial cyst. Case report.","volume":"66","author":"Franck","year":"1987"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"989","article-title":"Experience with symptomatic spinal epidural cysts.","volume":"34","author":"Freidberg","year":"1994"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"377","article-title":"[Painful sciatic rubbing caused by benign synovioma of the spinal joints. Apropos of 4 cases.]","volume":"29","author":"Galibert","year":"1983"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Radiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.145.2.7134440","article-title":"Intraspinal synovial cysts: natural history and diagnosis by CT.","volume":"145","author":"Hemminghytt","year":"1982"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Rachis","first-page":"89","article-title":"Haemorrhage into a lumbar synovial cyst causing an acute polyradicular compression.","volume":"10","author":"Henriet","year":"1998"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199411000-00020","article-title":"Extradural synovial thoracic cyst.","volume":"19","author":"Hodges","year":"1994"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(87)90139-X","article-title":"Bilateral symptomatic intraspinal T12\u2014L1 synovial cysts.","volume":"28","author":"Holtzman","year":"1987"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"J Neurosurg (Spine 2)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.1999.91.2.0193","article-title":"Intraspinal synovial cysts: 10-year experience at the Ochsner Clinic.","volume":"91","author":"Howington","year":"1999"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199501000-00015","article-title":"Lumbar intraspinal synovial and ganglion cysts (facet cysts). Ten-year experience in evaluation and treatment.","volume":"20","author":"Hsu","year":"1995"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198702000-00020","article-title":"Synovial cyst of the cervical spine.","volume":"20","author":"Jabre","year":"1987"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.41.3.0372","article-title":"Synovial cyst of spinal facet. Case report.","volume":"41","author":"Kao","year":"1974"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1968.29.2.0168","article-title":"Lumbar intraspinal, extradural ganglion cyst.","volume":"29","author":"Kao","year":"1968"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198609000-00013","article-title":"Lumbar synovial or ganglion cysts.","volume":"19","author":"Kjerulf","year":"1986"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"Acta Neurol Scand","first-page":"59","article-title":"Paraparesis caused by a bilateral cervical synovial cyst.","volume":"96","author":"Kotilainen","year":"1997"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567060-00006","article-title":"Intraspinal synovial cyst causing sciatica.","volume":"67","author":"Kurz","year":"1985"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198912000-00016","article-title":"Lumbar intraspinal synovial cysts. Recognition and CT diagnosis.","volume":"14","author":"Lemish","year":"1989"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2528","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199312000-00026","article-title":"Gas-containing \u201cganglion\u201d cyst of lumbar posterior longitudinal ligament at L3. Case report.","volume":"18","author":"Lin","year":"1993"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Arthritis Rheum","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320523","article-title":"Medical treatment of synovial cysts of the zygapophyseal joints: four cases with longterm followup.","volume":"32","author":"Mariette","year":"1989"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"Neuroradiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00339570","article-title":"Intraspinal synovial cyst: diagnosis by CT. Follow-up and spontaneous remission.","volume":"27","author":"Mercader","year":"1985"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199005000-00031","article-title":"Calcified synovial cyst of the cervical spine: CT and MR evaluation.","volume":"14","author":"Nijensohn","year":"1990"},{"key":"b34","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198804000-00004","article-title":"Synovial cysts of the spine.","volume":"22","author":"Onofrio","year":"1988"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198309000-00021","article-title":"Spinal extradural benign synovial or ganglion cyst: case report and review of the literature.","volume":"13","author":"Pendleton","year":"1983"},{"key":"b36","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198705000-00025","article-title":"Synovial facet joint cyst causing extradural compression. Report of two cases.","volume":"12","author":"Polivy","year":"1987"},{"key":"b37","series-title":"Neurochirurgie","first-page":"31","article-title":"[Synovial and synovialomas of the lumbar spine. histo-pathologic and neuro-surgical aspects apropos of 8 cases.]","volume":"35","author":"Rousseaux","year":"1989"},{"key":"b38","series-title":"Skeletal Radiol","first-page":"72","article-title":"Case report 712: Hemorrhagic synovial cyst arising from right L2\u20133 facet joint.","volume":"21","author":"Summers","year":"1992"},{"key":"b39","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1973.39.2.0246","article-title":"Posttraumatic lumbar epidural true synovial cyst. Case report.","volume":"39","author":"Sypert","year":"1973"},{"key":"b40","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1994.81.3.0449","article-title":"Hemorrhage into a lumbar synovial cyst causing an acute cauda equina syndrome. Case report.","volume":"81","author":"Tatter","year":"1994"},{"key":"b41","series-title":"Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic","first-page":"139","article-title":"[Spinal osteoblastoma simulating posterior articular synovial cyst.]","volume":"58","author":"Treves","year":"1991"},{"key":"b42","series-title":"Spine","first-page":"483","article-title":"The value of facet joint arthrography.","volume":"16","author":"Vanneroy","year":"1991"},{"key":"b43","series-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-8467(92)90120-R","article-title":"Intraspinal juxtafacet cysts: a case of bilateral ganglion cysts.","volume":"94","author":"Weyns","year":"1992"},{"key":"b44","series-title":"Surg Neurol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(95)80090-4","article-title":"Synovial cysts of the lumbar spine: diagnosis, surgical management, and pathogenesis. Report of eight cases.","volume":"43","author":"Yarde","year":"1995"},{"key":"b45","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199107000-00009","article-title":"Intraspinal synovial cysts. Magnetic resonance evaluation.","volume":"16","author":"Yuh","year":"1991"},{"key":"b46","series-title":"J Belge Radiol","first-page":"286","article-title":"Intraspinal synovial cyst.","volume":"79","author":"Zapletal","year":"1996"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/99\/1\/article-p14.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/99\/1\/article-p14.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/99\/1\/article-p14.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T20:36:24Z","timestamp":1681590984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/99\/1\/article-p14.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/spi.2003.99.1.0014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-5654"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1547-5654","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]}}}