{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T16:10:10Z","timestamp":1758816610677},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SPI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\u2713 Atlantoaxial stabilization has evolved from simple posterior wiring to transarticular screw fixation. In some patients, however, the course of the vertebral artery (VA) through the axis varies, and therefore transarticular screw placement is not always feasible. For these patients, the authors have developed a novel method of atlantoaxial stabilization that does not require axial screws. In this paper, they describe the use of this technique in the first 10 cases.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Ten consecutive patients underwent the combined C1\u20133 lateral mass\u2013sublaminar axis cable fixation technique. The mean age of the patients was 62.6 years (range 23\u201384 years). There were six men and four women. Eight patients were treated after traumatic atlantoaxial instability developed (four had remote trauma and previous nonunion), whereas in the other two atlantoaxial instability was caused by arthritic degeneration. All had VA anatomy unsuitable to traditional transarticular screw fixation.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>There were no intraoperative complications in any of the patients. Postoperative computed tomography studies demonstrated excellent screw positioning in each patient. Nine patients were treated postoperatively with the aid of a rigid cervical orthosis. The remaining patient was treated using a halo fixation device. One patient died of respiratory failure 2 months after surgery. Follow-up data (mean follow-up duration 13.1 months) were available for seven of the remaining nine patients and demonstrated a stable construct with fusion in each patient.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>The authors present an effective alternative method in which C1\u20133 lateral mass screw fixation is used to treat patients with unfavorable anatomy for atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation. In this series of 10 patients, the method was a safe and effective way to provide stabilization in these anatomically difficult patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2006.5.2.172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T12:21:36Z","timestamp":1201177296000},"page":"172-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Atlantoaxial stabilization with the use of C1\u20133 lateral mass screw fixation"],"prefix":"10.3171","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Eric M.","family":"Horn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph\u2019s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan S.","family":"Hott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph\u2019s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randall W.","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph\u2019s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Theodore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph\u2019s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Papadopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph\u2019s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Volker K. H.","family":"Sonntag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph\u2019s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1754","reference":[{"key":"b1-0050172","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199808000-00056","article-title":"Posterior C1\u2013C2 transarticular screw fixation for atlantoaxial arthrodesis","volume":"43","year":"1998"},{"key":"b2-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1991.74.2.0190","article-title":"The interspinous method of posterior atlantoaxial arthrodesis","volume":"74","year":"1991"},{"key":"b3-0050172","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199603150-00005","article-title":"Anatomic consideration of C2 pedicle screw placement","volume":"21","year":"1996"},{"key":"b4-0050172","series-title":"South Med J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SMJ.0000144610.35591.69","article-title":"C1\u2013C2 transarticular screw fixation for atlantoaxial instability","volume":"97","year":"2004"},{"key":"b5-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2005.2.2.0164","article-title":"Atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation: a review of surgical indications, fusion rate, complications, and lessons learned in 67 pediatric patients","volume":"2","year":"2005"},{"key":"b6-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2005.2.2.0155","article-title":"Atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation: a review of surgical indications, fusion rate, complications, and lessons learned in 191 adult patients","volume":"2","year":"2005"},{"key":"b7-0050172","series-title":"Neurosurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200212000-00004","article-title":"Atlantoaxial fixation using plate and screw method: a report of 160 treated patients","volume":"51","year":"2002"},{"key":"b8-0050172","series-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01400872","article-title":"Plate and screw fixation for atlantoaxial subluxation","volume":"129","year":"1994"},{"key":"b9-0050172","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000167827.84020.49","article-title":"Constructs incorporating intralaminar C2 screws provide rigid stability for atlantoaxial fixation","volume":"30","year":"2005"},{"key":"b10-0050172","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br","first-page":"972","article-title":"Atlantoaxial fusion with transarticular screw fixation","volume":"73","year":"1991"},{"key":"b11-0050172","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"65","article-title":"C1\u2013C2 transarticular screw fixation for atlantoaxial instability: a 6-year experience","volume":"49","year":"2001"},{"key":"b12-0050172","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200111150-00014","article-title":"Posterior C1\u2013C2 fusion with polyaxial screw and rod fixation","volume":"26","year":"2001"},{"key":"b13-0050172","series-title":"AANS\/CNS Section on Disorder of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves, Annual Meeting, Phoenix, Arizona, March 9\u201312, 2005","article-title":"Biomechanical comparison of two new atlantoaxial fixation techniques versus C1\u2013C2 transarticular screws\/graft","year":"2005"},{"key":"b14-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2005.2.2.0175","article-title":"Biomechanical comparison of C1\u20132 posterior fixation techniques","volume":"2","year":"2005"},{"key":"b15-0050172","series-title":"J Spinal Disord","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199212000-00012","article-title":"Primary posterior fusion C1\/2 in odontoid fractures: indications, technique, and results of transarticular screw fixation","volume":"5","year":"1992"},{"issue":"(Suppl 3)","key":"b16-0050172","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S56","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199103001-00010","article-title":"Posterior stabilization of the cervical spine with hook plates","volume":"16","year":"1991"},{"issue":"(3 Suppl)","key":"b17-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg","first-page":"277","article-title":"Biomechanical comparison of anterior and posterior stabilization methods in atlantoaxial instability","volume":"100","year":"2004"},{"key":"b18-0050172","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"151","article-title":"Biomechanical comparison of two stabilization techniques of the atlantoaxial joints: transarticular screw fixation versus screw and rod fixation","volume":"56","year":"2005"},{"key":"b19-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.86.6.0961","article-title":"Radiological and anatomical evaluation of the atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation technique","volume":"86","year":"1997"},{"key":"b20-0050172","series-title":"Cervical Spine I","first-page":"322","article-title":"Stable posterior fusion of the atlas and axis by transarticular screw fixation","year":"1987"},{"key":"b21-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1993.79.2.0234","article-title":"Posterior atlantoaxial facet screw fixation","volume":"79","year":"1993"},{"key":"b22-0050172","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2435","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200211150-00004","article-title":"Biomechanical testing of posterior atlantoaxial fixation techniques","volume":"27","year":"2002"},{"key":"b23-0050172","series-title":"J Orthop Trauma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199909000-00004","article-title":"Biomechanical study of atlantoaxial arthrodesis: transarticular screw fixation versus modified Brooks posterior wiring","volume":"13","year":"1999"},{"key":"b24-0050172","series-title":"Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199809150-00005","article-title":"Biomechanical comparison of C1\u2013C2 posterior fixations. Cable, graft, and screw combinations","volume":"23","year":"1998"},{"key":"b25-0050172","series-title":"J Long Term Eff Med Implants","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1615\/JLongTermEffMedImplants.v15.i1.40","article-title":"A biomechanical study of unilateral posterior atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation","volume":"15","year":"2005"},{"key":"b26-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1996.85.2.0221","article-title":"The anatomical suitability of the C1\u20132 complex for transarticular screw fixation","volume":"85","year":"1996"},{"key":"b27-0050172","series-title":"Neurosurgery","first-page":"426","article-title":"C1\u2013C2 PS fixation with rigid cantilever beam construct: case report and technical note","volume":"50","year":"2002"},{"key":"b28-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.87.6.0851","article-title":"Unilateral posterior atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation","volume":"87","year":"1997"},{"issue":"1","key":"b29-0050172","series-title":"Neurosurg Focus","first-page":"E6","article-title":"Posterior atlantoaxial stabilization: new alternative to C1\u20132 transarticular screws","volume":"12","year":"2002"},{"key":"b30-0050172","series-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200404000-00014","article-title":"Posterior C-2 fixation using bilateral, crossing C-2 laminar screws: case series and technical note","volume":"17","year":"2004"},{"key":"b31-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg Spine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2005.3.5.0409","article-title":"Translaminar rigid screw fixation of the axis. Technical note","volume":"3","year":"2005"},{"key":"b32-0050172","series-title":"J Neurosurg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.88.4.0634","article-title":"Vertebral artery injury in C1\u20132 transarticular screw fixation: results of a survey of the AANS\/CNS Section on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves","volume":"88","year":"1998"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/5\/2\/article-p172.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/5\/2\/article-p172.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/5\/2\/article-p172.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]],"date-time":"2023-04-16T00:52:00Z","timestamp":1681606320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejns.org\/view\/journals\/j-neurosurg-spine\/5\/2\/article-p172.xml"}},"subtitle":["Technical note"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/spi.2006.5.2.172","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-5654"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1547-5654","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}}}