{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:03:33Z","timestamp":1787025813813,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mutations in human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause an inherited form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig\u2019s disease, motor neuron disease). Insoluble forms of mutant SOD1 accumulate in neural tissues of human ALS patients and in spinal cords of transgenic mice expressing these polypeptides, suggesting that SOD1-linked ALS is a protein misfolding disorder. Understanding the molecular basis for how the pathogenic mutations give rise to SOD1 folding intermediates, which may themselves be toxic, is therefore of keen interest. A critical step on the SOD1 folding pathway occurs when the copper chaperone for SOD1 (CCS) modifies the nascent SOD1 polypeptide by inserting the catalytic copper cofactor and oxidizing its intrasubunit disulfide bond. Recent studies reveal that pathogenic SOD1 proteins coming from cultured cells and from the spinal cords of transgenic mice tend to be metal-deficient and\/or lacking the disulfide bond, raising the possibility that the disease-causing mutations may enhance levels of SOD1-folding intermediates by preventing or hindering CCS-mediated SOD1 maturation. This mini-review explores this hypothesis by highlighting the structural and biophysical properties of the pathogenic SOD1 mutants in the context of what is currently known about CCS structure and action. Other hypotheses as to the nature of toxicity inherent in pathogenic SOD1 proteins are not covered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3181\/0903-mr-104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,13]],"date-time":"2009-07-13T21:10:08Z","timestamp":1247519408000},"page":"1140-1154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Immature Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase and Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"Sai V.","family":"Seetharaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and the X-ray Crystallography Core Laboratory, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229; Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610; and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Prudencio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and the X-ray Crystallography Core Laboratory, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229; Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610; and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celeste","family":"Karch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and the X-ray Crystallography Core Laboratory, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229; Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610; and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen P.","family":"Holloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and the X-ray Crystallography Core Laboratory, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229; Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610; and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Borchelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and the X-ray Crystallography Core Laboratory, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229; Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610; and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. John","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and the X-ray Crystallography Core Laboratory, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229; Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610; and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr-R1","unstructured":"Charcot JM, A J. Deux cas d\u2019atrophie musculaire progressive avec lesions de la substance grise et de faisceaux anterolateraux de la moelle epiniere. Arch Physiol Norm Pathol 1:354\u2013367, 1869."},{"key":"bibr-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.36.4.511"},{"key":"bibr-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144244"},{"key":"bibr-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161647"},{"key":"bibr-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8351519"},{"key":"bibr-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/362059a0"},{"key":"bibr-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2006.02.034"},{"key":"bibr-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)83102-7"},{"key":"bibr-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M105296200"},{"key":"bibr-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.4.954"},{"key":"bibr-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111550"},{"key":"bibr-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0596-43"},{"key":"bibr-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddi236"},{"key":"bibr-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80272-X"},{"key":"bibr-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8209258"},{"key":"bibr-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.24.9349"},{"key":"bibr-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03642.x"},{"key":"bibr-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.3.689"},{"key":"bibr-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.22.8044"},{"key":"bibr-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0602046103"},{"key":"bibr-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90259-7"},{"key":"bibr-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jnen.0000263868.84188.3b"},{"key":"bibr-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.11.019"},{"key":"bibr-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh005"},{"key":"bibr-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.032539299"},{"key":"bibr-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-23-09246.2001"},{"key":"bibr-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(82)90174-7"},{"key":"bibr-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2005.11.081"},{"key":"bibr-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112087200"},{"key":"bibr-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0730423100"},{"key":"bibr-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0305143101"},{"key":"bibr-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.5560070302"},{"key":"bibr-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi700620r"},{"key":"bibr-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(03)00889-1"},{"key":"bibr-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi026704y"},{"key":"bibr-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsb935"},{"key":"bibr-R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.041256705"},{"key":"bibr-R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M604503200"},{"key":"bibr-R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801522200"},{"key":"bibr-R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M300484200"},{"key":"bibr-R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M506637200"},{"key":"bibr-R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502515102"},{"key":"bibr-R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112088200"},{"key":"bibr-R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.38.23469"},{"key":"bibr-R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)44055-6"},{"key":"bibr-R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)44691-7"},{"key":"bibr-R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M409744200"},{"key":"bibr-R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403979101"},{"key":"bibr-R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M406021200"},{"key":"bibr-R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M506497200"},{"key":"bibr-R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg312"},{"key":"bibr-R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bioeng.4.092801.094202"},{"key":"bibr-R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi030246r"},{"key":"bibr-R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M800564200"},{"key":"bibr-R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199604000-00011"},{"key":"bibr-R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010000355"},{"key":"bibr-R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2004.06.008"},{"key":"bibr-R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.12.1506"},{"key":"bibr-R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20495"},{"key":"bibr-R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199655100-00009"},{"key":"bibr-R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.5.736"},{"key":"bibr-R63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050535"},{"key":"bibr-R64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.6.1612"},{"key":"bibr-R65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050758"},{"key":"bibr-R66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(99)00252-X"},{"key":"bibr-R67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0704307104"},{"key":"bibr-R68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2006.8.847"},{"key":"bibr-R69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M705657200"},{"key":"bibr-R70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh704"},{"key":"bibr-R71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M704465200"},{"key":"bibr-R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banci L, Bertini I, Boca M, Girotto S, Martinelli M, Valentine JS, Vieru M. SOD1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Mutations and oligomerization. PLoS ONE 3, 2008.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001677"},{"key":"bibr-R73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0807058105"},{"key":"bibr-R74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052706099"},{"key":"bibr-R75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lashuel HA, Hartley D, Petre BM, Walz T, Lansbury PT Jr. Neurodegenerative disease: amyloid pores from pathogenic mutations. Nature 418:291, 2002.","DOI":"10.1038\/418291a"},{"key":"bibr-R76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn025"},{"key":"bibr-R77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200504050"},{"key":"bibr-R78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0401175101"},{"key":"bibr-R79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1999.0720422.x"},{"key":"bibr-R80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/11489"},{"key":"bibr-R81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.34.23719"},{"key":"bibr-R82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi700566h"},{"key":"bibr-R83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsb0901-751"},{"key":"bibr-R84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M802083200"},{"key":"bibr-R85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karch CM, Prudencio M, Winkler DD, Hart PJ, Borchelt DR. Role of mutant SOD1 disulfide oxidation and aggregation in the pathogenesis of familial ALS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (in press), 2009.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0902505106"},{"key":"bibr-R86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi8021735"},{"key":"bibr-R87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610923104"},{"key":"bibr-R88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn063"},{"key":"bibr-R89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.1506"},{"key":"bibr-R90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(98)00012-0"},{"key":"bibr-R91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.14.8861"},{"key":"bibr-R92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/3.6.981"},{"key":"bibr-R93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8966(00)00215-7"},{"key":"bibr-R94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(99)00803-4"},{"key":"bibr-R95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(96)12378-8"},{"key":"bibr-R96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(20010201)49:2<267::AID-ANA51>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"bibr-R97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2497"},{"key":"bibr-R98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14660820310011700"},{"key":"bibr-R99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/5.Supplement_1.1465"},{"key":"bibr-R100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00338-6"},{"key":"bibr-R101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/4.6.1101"},{"key":"bibr-R102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2003.11.003"},{"key":"bibr-R103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.1994.1046"},{"key":"bibr-R104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-004-0893-4"},{"key":"bibr-R105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.2.404"},{"key":"bibr-R106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.11.2038"},{"key":"bibr-R107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/120.10.1723"},{"key":"bibr-R108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/4.6.1113"},{"key":"bibr-R109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(1997)9:4<356::AID-HUMU9>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"bibr-R110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.3.746"},{"key":"bibr-R111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2006.12.009"},{"key":"bibr-R112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/3.4.649"},{"key":"bibr-R113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1789.2006.00746.x"},{"key":"bibr-R114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/3.6.997"},{"key":"bibr-R115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10193"},{"key":"bibr-R116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100034004"},{"key":"bibr-R117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/3.12.2261"},{"key":"bibr-R118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-996-0008-9"},{"key":"bibr-R119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.7.1534"},{"key":"bibr-R120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410420518"},{"key":"bibr-R121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1293-323"},{"key":"bibr-R122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8966(96)00353-7"},{"key":"bibr-R123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/4.7.1239"},{"key":"bibr-R124","unstructured":"Pramatarova A, Figlewicz DA, Krizus A, Han FY, Ceballos-Picot I, Nicole A, Dib M, Meininger V, Brown RH, Rouleau GA. Identification of new mutations in the Cu\/Zn superoxide dismutase gene of patients with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Am J Hum Genet 56:592\u2013596, 1995."},{"key":"bibr-R125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(1997)9:1<69::AID-HUMU14>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"bibr-R126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2003.10.018"},{"key":"bibr-R127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410430319"},{"key":"bibr-R128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8966(95)00007-A"},{"key":"bibr-R129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/146608202760196039"},{"key":"bibr-R130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10369"},{"key":"bibr-R131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410370518"},{"key":"bibr-R132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20756"},{"key":"bibr-R133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayward C, Brock DJ, Minns RA, Swingler RJ. Homozygosity for Asn86Ser mutation in the CuZn-superoxide dismutase gene produces a severe clinical phenotype in a juvenile onset case of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Med Genet 35:174, 1998.","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.35.2.174"},{"key":"bibr-R134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004390050157"},{"key":"bibr-R135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/aml.4.3.162.166"},{"key":"bibr-R136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0595-61"},{"key":"bibr-R137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1338.053"},{"key":"bibr-R138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/3.2.363"}],"container-title":["Experimental Biology and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3181\/0903-MR-104","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3181\/0903-MR-104","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3181\/0903-MR-104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T17:55:35Z","timestamp":1777571735000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ebm-journal.org\/journals\/experimental-biology-and-medicine\/articles\/10.3181\/0903-mr-104\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"references-count":137,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3181\/0903-MR-104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3181\/0903-mr-104","relation":{},"ISSN":["1535-3702","1535-3699"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1535-3702","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-3699","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}}}