{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T10:11:15Z","timestamp":1783678275410,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Genetic Psychology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]},"DOI":"10.3200\/gntp.170.2.115-134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,12]],"date-time":"2009-05-12T01:05:13Z","timestamp":1242090313000},"page":"115-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":154,"title":["Bullying and Victimization in Adolescence: Concurrent and Stable Roles and Psychological Health Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Ersilia","family":"Menesini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a  University of Florence"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Modena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a  University of Florence"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franca","family":"Tani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a  University of Florence"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT001","unstructured":"Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the youth self-report and 1991 profile. Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry."},{"key":"CIT002","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author."},{"key":"CIT003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bond, L., Carling, J. B., Thomas, L., Rubin, K. & Patton, G. (2001). Does bullying cause emotional problems? A prospective study of young teenagers. British Medical Journal, 323, 480-484.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7311.480"},{"key":"CIT004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brewin, C. R., Andrews, B. & Gotlib, I. H. (1993). Psychopathology and early experience: A reappraisal of retrospective reports. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 82-98.","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.113.1.82"},{"key":"CIT005","unstructured":"Caprara, G. V., Pastorelli, C., Barbaranelli, C. & De Leo, G. (1997). La provincia di Roma: Differenze di genere e caratteristiche di personalit\u00e0 nei preadolescenti. In A. Fonzi (Ed.), Il bullismo in Italia [Bullying in Italy] (pp. 92-108). Florence, Italy: Giunti."},{"key":"CIT006","unstructured":"Dohrenwend, B. S. & Dohrenwend. B. P. (1981). Life stress and illness: Formulations of the issues. In B. S. Dohrenwend & B. P. Dohrenwend (Eds.), Stressful life events and their contexts (pp. 1-27). New York: Prodist."},{"key":"CIT007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Egan, S. K. & Perry, D. G. (1998). Does low self-regard invite victimization? Developmental Psychology, 34, 299-309.","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.34.2.299"},{"key":"CIT008","unstructured":"Espelage, D. L. & Holt, M. K. (2001). Bullying and victimization during early adolescence: Peer influences and psychosocial correlates. In R. A. Geffner, M. Loring, & C. Young (Eds.), Bullying behavior: Current issues, research, and interventions (pp. 123-142). New York: Haworth."},{"key":"CIT009","unstructured":"Farrington, D. P. (1993). Understanding and preventing bullying. In M. Tonry & N. Morris (Eds.), Crime and justice: An annual review of research (Vol. 17, pp. 381-485). Chicago: University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fekkes, M., Pijpers, F. I. M. & Verloove-Vanhorick, S. P. (2004). Bullying behavior and associations with psychosomatic complaints and depression in victims. Journal of Pediatrics, 144, 17-22.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2003.09.025"},{"key":"CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frick, P. J., Cornell, A. H., Bodin, S. D., Dane, H. E., Barry, C. T. & Loney, B. R. (2003). Callous-unemotional traits and developmental pathways to severe conduct problems. Developmental Psychology, 39, 246-260.","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.39.2.246"},{"key":"CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Genta, M. L., Menesini, E., Fonzi, A., Costabile, A. & Smith, P. K. (1996). Bullies and victims in schools in central and southern Italy. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 11, 97-110.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03172938"},{"key":"CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hawker, D. S. J. & Boulton, M. J. (2000). Twenty years' research on peer victimization and psychosocial maladjustment: A meta-analytic review of cross-sectional studies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41, 441-455.","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00629"},{"key":"CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haynie, D. L., Nansel, T., Eitel, P., Crump, A. D., Saylor, K., Yu, K., et al. (2001). Bullies, victims, and bully\/victims: Distinct groups of at-risk youth. Journal of Early Adolescence, 21, 29-49.","DOI":"10.1177\/0272431601021001002"},{"key":"CIT0015","unstructured":"Johnson, J. H. (1988). Life events as stressors in childhood and adolescence. Newbury Park, CA: Sage."},{"key":"CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Juvonen, J., Graham, S. & Schuster, M. A. (2003). Bullying among young adolescents: The strong, the weak, and the troubled. Pediatrics, 112, 1231-1237.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.6.1231"},{"key":"CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Juvonen, J., Nishina, A. & Graham, S. (2000). Peer harassment, psychological adjustment, and school functioning in early adolescence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 92, 349-359.","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.92.2.349"},{"key":"CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaltiala-Heino, R., Rimpel\u00e4, M., Marttunen, M., Rimpel\u00e4, A. & Rantanen, P. (1999). Bullying, depression, and suicidal ideation in Finnish adolescents: School survey. British Medical Journal, 319, 348-350.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7206.348"},{"key":"CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaltiala-Heino, R., Rimpel\u00e4, M., Rantanen, P. & Rimpel\u00e4, A. (2000). Bullying at school. An indicator of adolescents at risk for mental disorders. Journal of Adolescence, 23, 661-674.","DOI":"10.1006\/jado.2000.0351"},{"key":"CIT0020","unstructured":"Kalverboer, A. F. (2002). Bambini iperattivi e con difficolt\u00e0 motorie: Vittime, bulli o entrambi? In M. L. Genta (Ed.), Il bullismo: Bambini aggressivi a scuola [Bullying: Aggressive children at school] (pp. 53-64). Rome, Italy: Carocci."},{"key":"CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, Y. S., Leventhal, B., Koh, Y.J., Hubbard, A. & Boyce, T. (2006). School bullying and youth violence. Causes or consequences of psychopathological behaviour? Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 1035-1041.","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.9.1035"},{"key":"CIT0022","unstructured":"Kochenderfer-Ladd, B. & Ladd, G. W. (2001). Variations in peer victimization: Relations to children's maladjustment. In J. Juvonen & S. Graham (Eds.), Peer harassment in school: The plight of the vulnerable and victimized (pp. 25-48). New York: Guilford Press."},{"key":"CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kochenderfer-Ladd, B. & Waldrop, J. L. (2001). Chronicity and instability of children's peer victimization experiences as predictors of loneliness and social satisfaction trajectories. Child Development, 72, 134-151.","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00270"},{"key":"CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumpulainen, K. & R\u00e4s\u00e4nen, E. (2000). Children involved in bullying at elementary school age: Their psychiatric symptoms and deviance in adolescence. An epidemiological sample. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24, 1567-1577.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(00)00210-6"},{"key":"CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumpulainen, K., R\u00e4s\u00e4nen, E. & Hettonen, I. (1999). Children involved in bullying: Psychological disturbance and the persistence of the involvement. Child Abuse & Neglect, 23, 1253-1262.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(99)00098-8"},{"key":"CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumpulainen, K., R\u00e4s\u00e4nen, E., Hettonen, I., Almqvist, F., Kresanov, K., Linna, S. L., et al. (1998). Bullying and psychiatric symptoms among elementary school-age children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 22, 705-717.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(98)00049-0"},{"key":"CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matsui, T., Kakuyama, T., Tsuzuki, Y. & Onglatco, M. (1996). Long-term outcomes of early victimization by peers among Japanese male university students: Models of vicious circle. Psychological Reports, 79, 711-720.","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1996.79.3.711"},{"key":"CIT0028","unstructured":"Menesini, E. (2002). Il Questionario Sulle Prepotenze\u2014Versione Adolescenti [Bullying Questionnaire\u2014Adolescents Version Manual]. Florence, Italy: University of Florence, Department of Psychology."},{"key":"CIT0029","unstructured":"Menesini, E. (2004). Il Questionario Retrospettivo Sulle Prepotenze [Retrospective Bullying Questionniare]. Florence, Italy: University of Florence, Department of Psychology."},{"key":"CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moffitt, T. E. (1993). Adolescence-limited and life course persistent antisocial behaviour: a developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674-701.","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.100.4.674"},{"key":"CIT0031","unstructured":"Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Rutter, M. & Silva, P. A. (2002). Sex differences in antisocial behaviour: Conduct disorder, delinquency, and violence in the Dunedin longitudinal study. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"CIT0032","unstructured":"Neisser, U. (1982). Snapshots or benchmark? In U. Neisser (Ed.), Memory observed: Remembering in natural contexts (pp. 43-48). San Francisco: Freeman."},{"key":"CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newman, M. L., Holden, G. W. & Delville, Y. (2005). Isolation and the stress of being bullied. Journal of Adolescence, 28, 343-357.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2004.08.002"},{"key":"CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Odgers, C. L., Caspi, A., Broadbent, J. M., Dickson, N., Hancox, R. J., Harrington, H., et al. (2007). Prediction of differential adult health burden by conduct problem subtypes in males. Archives of Psychiatry, 64, 476-484.","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.4.476"},{"key":"CIT0035","unstructured":"Olweus, D. (1993). Bullying at school: What we know and what we can do. Oxford, England: Blackwell."},{"key":"CIT0036","unstructured":"Olweus, D. (1999). Sweden. In P. K. Smith, Y. Morita, J. Junger-Tas, D. Olweus, R. Catalano, & P. Slee (Eds.), The nature of school bullying: A cross national perspective (pp. 7-27). London: Routledge,"},{"key":"CIT0037","unstructured":"Pastorelli, C., Gerbino, M., Vecchio, G. M., Steca, P., Picconi, L. & Paciello, M. (2002). L'insuccesso scolastico: Fattori di rischio e di protezione nel corso della preadolescenza [School failure: Risk and protective factors during preadolescence]. Et\u00e0 Evolutiva, 71, 84-91."},{"key":"CIT0038","unstructured":"Pepler, D., Craig, W., Connolly, J. & Henderson, K. (2001). Bullying, sexual harassment, dating, violence, and substance use among adolescents. In C. Werkele & A. M. Wall (Eds.), The violence and addiction equation (pp. 153-168). New York: Brunner-Routledge."},{"key":"CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rigby, K. (1999). Peer victimization at school and the health of secondary school students. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 69, 95-104.","DOI":"10.1348\/000709999157590"},{"key":"CIT0040","unstructured":"Rigby, K. (2001). Health consequences of bullying and its prevention in schools. In J. Juvonen & S. Graham (Eds.), Peer harassment in school: The plight of the vulnerable and victimized (pp. 310-331). New York: Guilford Press."},{"key":"CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rigby, K. (2003). Consequences of bullying in schools. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 48, 583-590.","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370304800904"},{"key":"CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rivers, I. (2001). Retrospective reports of school bullying: Stability of recall and its implications for research. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 19, 129-142.","DOI":"10.1348\/026151001166001"},{"key":"CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roland, E. (2002). Bullying, depressive symptoms, and suicidal thoughts. Educational Research, 44, 55-67.","DOI":"10.1080\/00131880110107351"},{"key":"CIT0044","unstructured":"Salmivalli, C. (2005). Consequences of school bullying and violence. In E. Munthe, E. Solli, E. Ytre-Arne, & E. Roland (Eds.), Taking fear out of schools (pp. 29-35). Stavanger, Norway: University of Stavanger."},{"key":"CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salmon, G., James, A., Cassidy, E. L. & Javaloyes, M. A. (2000). Bullying: A review\u2014 Presentations to an adolescent psychiatric service and within a school for emotionally and behaviourally disturbed children. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 5, 563-579.","DOI":"10.1177\/1359104500005004010"},{"key":"CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salmon, G., James, A. & Smith, D. M. (1998). Bullying in school: Self-reported anxiety, depression, and self-esteem in secondary school children. British Medical Journal, 317, 924-925.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7163.924"},{"key":"CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4fer, M., Korn, S., Smith, P. K., Hunter, S. C., Mora-Merch\u00e1n, J. A., Singer, M. M., et al. (2004). Lonely in the crowd: Recollections of bullying. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 22, 379-394.","DOI":"10.1348\/0261510041552756"},{"key":"CIT0048","unstructured":"Schwartz, D., Proctor, L. & Chien, D. H. (2001). The aggressive victim of bullying: Emotional and behavioral dysregulation as a pathway to victimization by peers. In J. Juvonen & S. Graham (Eds.), Peer harassment in school (pp. 147-174). New York: Guilford Press."},{"key":"CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith, P. K. (2004). Bullying: Recent developments. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 9, 98-103.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-3588.2004.00089.x"},{"key":"CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sourander, A., Helstel\u00e4, L., Helenius, H. & Piha, J. (2000). Persistence of bullying from childhood to adolescence. A longitudinal 8-year follow-up study. Child Abuse & Neglect, 24, 873-881.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(00)00146-0"},{"key":"CIT0051","unstructured":"Swearer, S. M., Song, S. Y., Tam Cary, P., Eagle, J. W. & Mickelson, W. T. (2001). Psychosocial correlates in bullying and victimization: The relationship between depression, anxiety, and bully\/victim status. In R. A. Geffner, M. Loring, & C. Young (Eds.), Bullying behavior: Current issues, research, and interventions (pp. 95-121). New York: Haworth."},{"key":"CIT0052","unstructured":"Tani, F. (1999). Il bullismo come malessere evolutivo. In A. Fonzi (Ed.), Il gioco crudele: Studi e ricerche sui correlati psicologici del bullismo [The cruel game: Studies and research on related psychological bullying] (pp. 54-65). Florence, Italy: Giunti."},{"key":"CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tani, F., Greenman, P. S., Schneider, B. H. & Fregoso, M. (2003). Bullying and the Big Five: A study of childhood personality and participant roles in bullying incidents. School Psychology International, 24, 131-146.","DOI":"10.1177\/0143034303024002001"},{"key":"CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitney, I. & Smith, P. K. (1993). A survey of the nature and extent of bullying in junior\/middle and secondary schools. Educational Research, 35, 3-25.","DOI":"10.1080\/0013188930350101"},{"key":"CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams, K., Chambers, M., Logan, S. & Robinson, D. (1996). Association of common health symptoms with bullying in primary school children. British Medical Journal, 313, 17-19.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7048.17"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Genetic Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3200\/GNTP.170.2.115-134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]],"date-time":"2020-08-15T11:03:19Z","timestamp":1597489399000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.3200\/GNTP.170.2.115-134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3200\/GNTP.170.2.115-134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3200\/gntp.170.2.115-134","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1325","1940-0896"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1325","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-0896","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]}}}