{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:43:45Z","timestamp":1791852225959,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emerg. Infect. Dis."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]},"DOI":"10.3201\/eid0301.970103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,21]],"date-time":"2009-08-21T21:57:13Z","timestamp":1250891833000},"page":"33-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":241,"title":["Mycoplasmas: Sophisticated, Reemerging, and Burdened by Their Notoriety"],"prefix":"10.3201","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Joel B.","family":"Baseman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA; \u2020National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph G.","family":"Tully","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1822","reference":[{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R1","unstructured":"Tryon VV, Baseman JB. Pathogenic determinants and mechanisms. In: Maniloff J, McElhaney RN, Finch LR, Baseman JB, editors. Mycoplasmas: molecular biology and pathogenesis. Washington (DC): American Society for Microbiology, 1992:457-71."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R2","unstructured":"Krause DC, Taylor-Robinson D. Mycoplasmas which infect humans. In: Maniloff J, McElhaney RN, Finch LR, Baseman JB, editors. Mycoplasmas: molecular biology and pathogenesis. Washington (DC): American Society for Microbiology, 1992:417-44."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.Supplement_1.S2","article-title":"Current status of the mollicute flora of humans.","volume":"17","author":"Tully","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R4","unstructured":"Lo S-C. Mycoplasmas and AIDS. In: Maniloff J, McElhaney RN, Finch LR, Baseman JB, editors. Mycoplasmas: molecular biology and pathogenesis. Washington (DC): American Society for Microbiology, 1992:525-45."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R5","first-page":"69","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of mycoplasmal infections in Gulf War illness-CFIDS patients.","volume":"5","author":"Nicolson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Intl J Occup Med Immunol Toxicol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10197","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.22.10197","article-title":"Mycoplasmas and oncogenesis:persistent infection and multistage malignant transformation.","volume":"92","author":"Tsai","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04429-7","article-title":"Crohn's disease after in-utero measles virus exposure.","volume":"348","author":"Ekbom","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.49.10.781","article-title":"Mycoplasmas in rheumatoid arthritis and other human arthritides.","volume":"49","author":"Taylor-Robinson","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.Supplement_1.S10","article-title":"Molecular features of mollicutes.","volume":"17","author":"Bov\u00e9","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Razin S. Molecular properties of mollicutes: a synopsis. In: Razin S, Tully JG, editors. Molecular and diagnostic procedures in mycoplasmology, Vol I. New York: Academic Press, Inc., 1995:1-25.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012583805-4\/50003-0"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.50.1.25","article-title":"Molecular biology of mycoplasmas.","volume":"50","author":"Dybvig","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R12","unstructured":"McGarrity GJ, Kotani H, Butler GH. Mycoplasmas and tissue culture cells. In: Maniloff J, McElhaney RN, Finch LR, Baseman JB, editors. Mycoplasmas: molecular biology and pathogenesis. Washington (DC): American Society for Microbiology, 1992:445-54."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R13","first-page":"83","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae virulence factors and the immune response.","volume":"2","author":"Jacobs","year":"1991","journal-title":"Rev Med Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S137","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/154.4_Pt_2.S137","article-title":"Interplay between mycoplasma surface proteins, airway cells, and the protean manifestations of mycoplasma-mediated human infections.","volume":"154","author":"Baseman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(75)90574-4","article-title":"The protean manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in adults.","volume":"58","author":"Murray","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01591493","article-title":"Failure to detect Mycoplasma fermentans, Mycoplasma penetrans, or Mycoplasma pirum in the urethra of patients with acute nongonococcal urethritis.","volume":"15","author":"Deguchi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R17","first-page":"270","article-title":"Possible role of Mycoplasma fermentans in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.","volume":"ii","author":"Williams","year":"1970","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R18","first-page":"243","article-title":"Isolation of Mycoplasma from leukemic and nonleukemia patients.","volume":"45","author":"Murphy","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R19","first-page":"311","article-title":"Mycoplasma fermentans, but not M. penetrans, detected by PCR assays in synovium from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic disorders.","volume":"41","author":"Schaeverbeke","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92617-3","article-title":"Mycoplasma fermentans in individuals seropositive and seronegative for HIV-1.","volume":"341","author":"Katseni","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(96)84556-0","article-title":"Detection of Mycoplasma fermentans in human saliva with a polymerase chain reaction-based assay.","volume":"41","author":"Chingbingyong","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1989.41.364","article-title":"Association of the virus-like infectious agent originally reported in patients with AIDS with acute fatal disease in previously healthy non-AIDS patients.","volume":"41","author":"Lo","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)92461-2","article-title":"A newly discovered mycoplasma in the human urogenital tract.","volume":"i","author":"Tully","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/153.6.1046","article-title":"Urogenital challenge of primate species with Mycoplasma genitalium and characteristics of infection induced in chimpanzees.","volume":"153","author":"Tully","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.4.1059-1065.1989","article-title":"DNA and protein sequence homologies detected between the adhesins of Mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","volume":"57","author":"Dallo","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04347.x","article-title":"Development and evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction to detect Mycoplasma genitalium.","volume":"77","author":"Palmer","year":"1991","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91411-E","article-title":"Association of Mycoplasma genitalium with acute non-gonococcal urethritis.","volume":"342","author":"Horner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1177\/095646249500600219","article-title":"Mycoplasma genitalium in non-gonococcal urethritis.","volume":"6","author":"Deguichi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.2.286-291.1996","article-title":"Isolation of Mycoplasma genitalium strains from the male urethra.","volume":"34","author":"Jensen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R30","first-page":"1","article-title":"The history and role of Mycoplasma genitalium in sexually transmitted diseases.","volume":"71","author":"Taylor-Robinson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.26.11.2266-2269.1988","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of Mycoplasma genitalium strains from the human respiratory tract.","volume":"26","author":"Baseman","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S83","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.Supplement_1.S83","article-title":"Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma genitalium in clinical samples by polymerase chain reaction.","volume":"17","author":"De Barbeyrac","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.7.1851-1855.1995","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma genitalium mixture in synovial fluid isolate.","volume":"33","author":"Tully","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02111830","article-title":"Mycoplasma genitalium in the joints of two patients with arthritis.","volume":"13","author":"Taylor-Robinson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.53.3.183","article-title":"Mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia and their role in arthritis: microbiological observations over twenty years.","volume":"53","author":"Furr","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R36","first-page":"S250","article-title":"Unique susceptibility of patients with antibody deficiency to Mycoplasma infection.","volume":"17","author":"Gelfand","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/146.5.713","article-title":"Peritonitis due to Mycoplasma hominis in a renal transplant patient.","volume":"146","author":"Mokhbat","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R38","first-page":"366","article-title":"Septic arthritis due to dual infection with Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum.","volume":"15","author":"Burdge","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/19.6.1067","article-title":"Mycoplasma hominis septic arthritis: two case reports and review.","volume":"19","author":"Luttrell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.3.567","article-title":"Donor-to-host transmission of Mycoplasma hominis in lung allograft recipients.","volume":"22","author":"Gass","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R41","article-title":"Mycoplasma felis septic arthritis in a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia.","author":"Bonilla","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/15.3.434","article-title":"Fatal septicemia due to Mycoplasma arginini: a new human zoonosis.","volume":"15","author":"Yechouron","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baseman JB. The cytadhesins of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and M. genitalium. In: Rottem S, Kahane I, editors. Subcellular biochemistry. New York: Plenum Press, 1993;243-59.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-2924-8_9"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R44","first-page":"848","article-title":"Flask-shaped mycoplasmas: properties and pathogenicity for man and animals.","volume":"10","author":"Kirchhoff","year":"1984","journal-title":"Isr J Med Sci"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.91.2.537","article-title":"Filamentous structures in adherent Mycoplasma pneumoniae cells treated with nonionic detergents.","volume":"91","author":"Gobel","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02613.x","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae cytadherence: unravelling the tie that binds.","volume":"20","author":"Krause","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3023","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.55.12.3023-3029.1987","article-title":"Cloning and sequence analysis of cytadhesin gene (P1) from Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","volume":"55","author":"Su","year":"1987","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4163","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.12.4163-4165.1990","article-title":"Characterization of the gene for a 30-kilodalton adhesin-related protein of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","volume":"58","author":"Dallo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.55.5.1126-1131.1987","article-title":"A Mycoplasma genitalium protein resembling the Mycoplasma pneumoniae attachment protein.","volume":"55","author":"Hu","year":"1987","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5943","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.20.5943-5951.1995","article-title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of an adherence-related operon of Mycoplasma genitalium.","volume":"177","author":"Reddy","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(89)90051-6","article-title":"Nucleotide sequence of the MgPa (mgp) operon of Mycoplasma genitalium and comparison to the P1 (mpp) operon of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","volume":"82","author":"Inamine","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.11.2823-2825.1995","article-title":"Isolation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from the human urogenital tract.","volume":"33","author":"Goulet","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1996.tb00086.x","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of transposon Tn 4001-generated, cytadherence-deficient transformants of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma genitalium.","volume":"15","author":"Reddy","year":"1996","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3157","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.56.12.3157-3161.1988","article-title":"Regions of Mycoplasma pneumoniae cytadhesin P1 structural gene exist as multiple copies.","volume":"56","author":"Su","year":"1988","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(91)90113-O","article-title":"Adhesin gene of Mycoplasma genitalium exists as multiple copies.","volume":"10","author":"Dallo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11829","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.25.11829","article-title":"Characterization of repetitive DNA in the Mycoplasma genitalium genome: possible role in the generation of antigenic variation.","volume":"92","author":"Peterson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.6.2017-2020.1990","article-title":"Restriction fragment length polymorphism in the cytadhesin P1 gene of human clinical isolates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","volume":"58","author":"Dallo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.8.2669-2674.1990","article-title":"Sequence divergency of the cytadhesin gene of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","volume":"58","author":"Su","year":"1990","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.3.816-822.1993","article-title":"Possible origin of sequence divergence in the P1 cytadhesin gene of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.","volume":"61","author":"Su","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.167.2.718","article-title":"Identification of P1 gene domain containing epitope(s) mediating Mycoplasma pneumoniae cytadherence.","volume":"167","author":"Dallo","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-136-3-471","article-title":"Topographical mapping of the P1-adhesin of Mycoplasma pneumoniae with adherence-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies.","volume":"136","author":"Gerstenecker","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.7.2595-2601.1996","article-title":"Biofunctional domains of the Mycoplasma pneumoniae P30 adhesin.","volume":"64","author":"Dallo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.3.843-846.1995","article-title":"A spontaneous hemadsorption-negative mutant of Mycoplasma pneumoniae exhibits a truncated adhesin-related 30-kilodalton protein and lacks the cytadherence-accessory protein HMW1.","volume":"177","author":"Layh-Schmitt","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1996.0014","article-title":"Correlations between Mycoplasma pneumoniae sensitivity to cyclosporin A and cyclophilin-mediated regulation of mycoplasma cytadherence.","volume":"20","author":"Reddy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biberfeld G. Infection sequelae and autoimmune reactions in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. In: Razin S, Barile MF, editors. The Mycoplasmas Vol. IV. New York: Academic Press, 1985:293-311.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-078404-2.50015-4"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R66","unstructured":"Cunningham MW. Molecular mimicry: bacterial antigen mimicry. In: Bona CA, Siminovitch K, Theofilopoulos AN, Zanetti M, editors. The pathology of autoimmunity. New York: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1993:245-56."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939209083137","article-title":"The Mycoplasma genitalium adhesin protein and several human class II MHC proteins exhibit sequence homology: possible ramifications for the development of autoimmunity.","volume":"14","author":"Bisset","year":"1992","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-2494(91)90096-2","article-title":"Homologies between mycoplasma adhesion peptide, CD4 and class II MHC proteins: a possible mechanism for HIV-mycoplasma synergism in AIDS.","volume":"142","author":"Root-Bernstein","year":"1991","journal-title":"Res Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R69","first-page":"471","article-title":"Mycoplasma interactions with the immune system: implications for disease pathology.","volume":"62","author":"Cole","year":"1996","journal-title":"ASM News"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.2.637-643.1996","article-title":"Mycoplasma membrane lipoproteins induce proinflammatory cytokines by a mechanism distinct from that of lipopolysaccharide.","volume":"64","author":"Rawadi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.5.1800-1809.1996","article-title":"Antigenic topology of the P29 surface lipoprotein of Mycoplasma fermentans: differential display of epitopes results in high-frequency phase variation.","volume":"64","author":"Theiss","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1995.0050","article-title":"Interplay between mycoplasmas and host target cells.","volume":"19","author":"Baseman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.1.197-208.1996","article-title":"Adherence, fibronectin binding, and induction of cytoskeleton reorganization in cultured human cells by Mycoplasma penetrans.","volume":"64","author":"Gir\u00f3n","year":"1996","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.48.100194.003351","article-title":"AIDS-associated mycoplasmas.","volume":"48","author":"Blanchard","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.4.724","article-title":"Mycoplasma penetrans infection in male homosexuals with AIDS: high seroprevalence and association with Kaposi's Sarcoma.","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.3.672","article-title":"Association of Mycoplasma penetrans with human immunodeficiency virus infection.","volume":"172","author":"Grau","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/207043a0","article-title":"Chromosome changes in human diploid-cell cultures infected with Mycoplasma.","volume":"207","author":"Paton","year":"1966","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1038\/2101343a0","article-title":"Transformations in hamster cells mediated by mycoplasmas.","volume":"210","author":"Macpherson","year":"1966","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0301.970103-202410151007-R79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90272-3","article-title":"A prospective study of viral and mycoplasma infections in chronic inflammatory bowel disease.","volume":"98","author":"Kangro","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Emerging Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/3\/1\/97-0103_article","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T01:19:51Z","timestamp":1732583991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/3\/1\/97-0103_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid0301.970103","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-6040","type":"print"},{"value":"1080-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,3]]}}}