{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:58:24Z","timestamp":1791205104074,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emerg. Infect. Dis."],"DOI":"10.3201\/eid0906.020794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,3]],"date-time":"2010-12-03T22:29:42Z","timestamp":1291415382000},"page":"641-646","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["Dead Bird Clusters as an Early Warning System for West Nile Virus Activity"],"prefix":"10.3201","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Farzad","family":"Mostashari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kulldorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica J.","family":"Hartman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varuni","family":"Kulasekera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1822","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R1","first-page":"1026","article-title":"West Nile virus activity\u2014United States, November 7\u201313, 2002.","volume":"51","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106143442401","article-title":"The outbreak of West Nile virus infection in the New York City area in 1999.","volume":"344","author":"Nash","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05480-0","article-title":"Epidemic West Nile encephalitis, New York, 1999: results of a household-based seroepidemiological survey.","volume":"358","author":"Mostashari","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0704.017421","article-title":"West Nile virus infection in mosquitoes, birds, horses, and humans, Staten Island, New York, 2000.","volume":"7","author":"Kulasekera","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0704.017411","article-title":"Dead crow densities and human cases of West Nile virus, New York State, 2000.","volume":"7","author":"Eidson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0704.017409","article-title":"Clinical findings of West Nile virus infection in hospitalized patients, New York and New Jersey, 2000.","volume":"7","author":"Weiss","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0704.017415","article-title":"West Nile virus infection in birds and mosquitoes, New York State, 2000.","volume":"7","author":"Bernard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02687.x","article-title":"West Nile virus infection in birds and mammals.","volume":"951","author":"Kramer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1080\/03610929708831995","article-title":"A spatial scan statistic.","volume":"26","author":"Kulldorff","year":"1997","journal-title":"Comm Statist Theory Methods"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-985X.00186","article-title":"Prospective time-periodic geographical diseases surveillance using a scan statistic.","volume":"A164","author":"Kulldorff","year":"2001","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Ser A Stat Soc"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177707045","article-title":"Modified randomization tests for nonparametric hypotheses.","volume":"28","author":"Dwass","year":"1957","journal-title":"Ann Math Stat"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R12","unstructured":"West Nile Virus Maps\u20142002: USA bird map. United States Geological Survey and the Centers for Disease Control, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases. Available from: URL: http:\/\/cindi.usgs.gov\/hazard\/event\/west_nile\/west_nile.html"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009247","article-title":"Breast cancer clusters in the northeast United States: a geographic analysis.","volume":"146","author":"Kulldorff","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04236-7","article-title":"Geographical distribution of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Great Britain, 1994\u20132000.","volume":"357","author":"Cousens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R15","first-page":"2348","article-title":"Geographical clustering of mortality from systemic sclerosis in the Southeastern United States, 1981\u201390.","volume":"24","author":"Walsh","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fawcett T. Using rule sets to maximize ROC performance. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM-2001). Los Alamitos (CA): IEEE Computer Society; 2001. p. 131\u20138.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2001.989510"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid0906.020794-201206130400-R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fawcett T, Provost F. Activity monitoring: noticing interesting changes in behavior. The Fifth ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 1999. San Diego (CA): ACM Press; 1999.","DOI":"10.1145\/312129.312195"}],"container-title":["Emerging Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/9\/6\/02-0794_article","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T12:16:45Z","timestamp":1740745005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/9\/6\/02-0794_article.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid0906.020794","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-6040","type":"print"},{"value":"1080-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]}}}