{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T19:21:14Z","timestamp":1790536874461,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emerg. Infect. Dis."],"DOI":"10.3201\/eid1506.090072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,18]],"date-time":"2009-06-18T21:05:23Z","timestamp":1245359123000},"page":"859-865","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["Past, Present, and Possible Future Human Infection with Influenza Virus A Subtype H7"],"prefix":"10.3201","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Belser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn B.","family":"Bridges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline M.","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terrence M.","family":"Tumpey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1822","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R1","unstructured":"World Organisation for Animal Health. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (fowl plague). In: Cullen GA, Linnance S, editors. Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines. 3rd ed. Paris: The Organisation; 1996. p. 155\u201360."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)03311-5","article-title":"Human infection with influenza H9N2.","volume":"354","author":"Peiris","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9713","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.17.9713","article-title":"Influenza virus hemagglutinin cleavage into HA1, HA2: no laughing matter.","volume":"95","author":"Taubenberger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.11.1333","article-title":"Influenza-associated hospitalizations in the United States.","volume":"292","author":"Thompson","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0707279","article-title":"Update on avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection in humans.","volume":"358","author":"Writing Committeee of the Second World Health Organization Consultation on Clinical Aspects of Human Infection with Avian Influenza A","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308352100","article-title":"Avian influenza A virus (H7N7) associated with human conjunctivitis and a fatal case of acute respiratory distress syndrome.","volume":"101","author":"Fouchier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050695","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of H7 haemagglutinin subtype influenza A viruses.","volume":"145","author":"Banks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)64783-6","article-title":"Avian influenza virus isolated from a woman with conjunctivitis.","volume":"348","author":"Kurtz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050329","article-title":"Characterisation of an avian influenza A virus isolated from a human\u2014is an intermediate host necessary for the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses?","volume":"143","author":"Banks","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R10","first-page":"284","article-title":"Update: influenza activity\u2014United States, 2003\u201304 season.","volume":"53","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R11","first-page":"547","article-title":"Update: influenza activity\u2014United States and worldwide, 2003\u201304 season, and composition of the 2004\u201305 influenza vaccine.","volume":"53","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1086\/444390","article-title":"Serological analysis of serum samples from humans exposed to avian H7 influenza viruses in Italy between 1999 and 2003.","volume":"192","author":"Puzelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15589-X","article-title":"Transmission of H7N7 avian influenza A virus to human beings during a large outbreak in commercial poultry farms in the Netherlands.","volume":"363","author":"Koopmans","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1012.040743","article-title":"Novel avian influenza H7N3 strain outbreak, British Columbia.","volume":"10","author":"Hirst","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1012.040961","article-title":"Human illness from avian influenza H7N3, British Columbia.","volume":"10","author":"Tweed","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen-Van-Tam JS, Nair P, Acheson P, Baker A, Barker M, Bracebridge S, Outbreak of low pathogenicity H7N3 avian influenza in UK, including associated case of human conjunctivitis. Euro Surveill. 2006;11:E060504.2.","DOI":"10.2807\/esw.11.18.02952-en"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Avian influenza A\/(H7N2) outbreak in the United Kingdom. Euro Surveill. 2007;12:E070531.2.","DOI":"10.2807\/esw.12.22.03206-en"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/03079450410001724085","article-title":"Avian influenza: recent developments.","volume":"33","author":"Capua","year":"2004","journal-title":"Avian Pathol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.2307\/4593084","article-title":"Comparative study of fowl plague virus and a virus isolated from man.","volume":"82","author":"DeLay","year":"1967","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/122.6.513","article-title":"Fowl plague virus from man.","volume":"122","author":"Campbell","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.61.2.86","article-title":"A case report of fowl plague keratoconjunctivitis.","volume":"61","author":"Taylor","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198104093041515","article-title":"Conjunctivitis in human beings caused by influenza A virus of seals.","volume":"304","author":"Webster","year":"1981","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01314571","article-title":"Isolation of an influenza A virus from seals.","volume":"68","author":"Lang","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2005.10.001","article-title":"Measurement of antibodies to avian influenza virus A(H7N7) in humans by hemagglutination inhibition test.","volume":"132","author":"Meijer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00174-07","article-title":"Development and evaluation of an influenza virus subtype H7N2 vaccine candidate for pandemic preparedness.","volume":"14","author":"Pappas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R26","unstructured":"United States Animal Health Association. Report of the Committee on Transmissible Diseases of Poultry and Other Avian Species. Richmond (VA): The Association; 2007."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1004.030396","article-title":"Recombination resulting in virulence shift in avian influenza outbreak, Chile.","volume":"10","author":"Suarez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-02548-130221","article-title":"Public health and epidemiological considerations for avian influenza risk mapping and risk assessment.","volume":"13","author":"Dudley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecology and Society."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.060204","article-title":"Protective measures and human antibody response during an avian influenza H7N3 outbreak in poultry in British Columbia, Canada.","volume":"176","author":"Skowronski","year":"2007","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R30","unstructured":"Kuhne M, Morgan O, Ellis J, Nair P, Wreghitt TG, Curran MD, Human antibody response to avian influenza A (H7N3) virus during an outbreak in poultry in Norfolk, United Kingdom. Options for the Control of Influenza VI (abstract P326); 2007."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11139","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01235-07","article-title":"Pathogenesis of avian influenza (H7) virus infection in mice and ferrets: enhanced virulence of Eurasian H7N7 viruses isolated from humans.","volume":"81","author":"Belser","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12401","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.19.12401-12407.2005","article-title":"Protection of mice against lethal infection with highly pathogenic H7N7 influenza A virus by using a recombinant low-pathogenicity vaccine strain.","volume":"79","author":"de Wit","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13399","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.24.13399-13402.2003","article-title":"Sequence analysis of recent H7 avian influenza viruses associated with three different outbreaks in commercial poultry in the United States.","volume":"77","author":"Spackman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7558","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0801259105","article-title":"Contemporary North American influenza H7 viruses possess human receptor specificity: implications for virus transmissibility.","volume":"105","author":"Belser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.3.1443-1450.2000","article-title":"Distinct pathogenesis of Hong Kong\u2013origin H5N1 viruses in mice compared to that of other highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses.","volume":"74","author":"Dybing","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1086\/518792","article-title":"The molecular basis of the pathogenicity of the dutch highly pathogenic human influenza A H7N7 viruses.","volume":"196","author":"Munster","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.05.021","article-title":"A live attenuated cold-adapted influenza A H7N3 virus vaccine provides protection against homologous and heterologous H7 viruses in mice and ferrets.","volume":"378","author":"Joseph","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.82256-0","article-title":"Contribution of H7 haemagglutinin to amantadine resistance and infectivity of influenza virus.","volume":"88","author":"Ilyushina","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.07.003","article-title":"Detection of amantadine-resistant variants among avian influenza viruses isolated in North America and Asia.","volume":"341","author":"Ilyushina","year":"2005","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid1506.090072-201209141425-R40","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance for protection of persons involved in U.S. avian influenza outbreak disease control and eradication activities. 2006 [cited 2009 Mar 1]. Available from http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/avian\/professional\/protect-guid.htm"}],"container-title":["Emerging Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/15\/6\/09-0072_article","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T14:33:41Z","timestamp":1732631621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/15\/6\/09-0072_intro.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid1506.090072","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-6040","type":"print"},{"value":"1080-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}}}