{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:58:55Z","timestamp":1791356335632,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emerg. Infect. Dis."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"DOI":"10.3201\/eid2210.160468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,25]],"date-time":"2016-08-25T13:51:29Z","timestamp":1472133089000},"page":"1762-1768","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Whole-Genome Characterization of Epidemic<i>Neisseria meningitidis<\/i>Serogroup C and Resurgence of Serogroup W, Niger, 2015"],"prefix":"10.3201","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Cecilia B.","family":"Kretz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam C.","family":"Retchless","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fati","family":"Sidikou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bassira","family":"Issaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sani","family":"Ousmane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley H.","family":"Tate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assimaw\u00e8","family":"Pana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berthe-Marie","family":"Njanpop-Lafourcade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Innocent","family":"Nzeyimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo Obama","family":"Nse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ala-Eddine","family":"Deghmane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ola Br\u00f8nstad","family":"Brynildsrud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan T.","family":"Novak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odile Ouwe Missi","family":"Oukem-Boyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Ronveaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique A.","family":"Caugant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhamed-Kheir","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Niger Response Team","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1822","reference":[{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.12.032","article-title":"The changing and dynamic epidemiology of meningococcal disease.","volume":"30","author":"Halperin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R2","first-page":"123","article-title":"Meningococcal disease control in countries of the African meningitis belt, 2014.","volume":"90","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.04.033","article-title":"Molecular surveillance of meningococcal meningitis in Africa.","volume":"25","author":"Caugant","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e46019","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046019","article-title":"Molecular characterization of invasive meningococcal isolates from countries in the African meningitis belt before introduction of a serogroup A conjugate vaccine.","volume":"7","author":"Caugant","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv211","article-title":"The diversity of meningococcal carriage across the African meningitis belt and the impact of vaccination with a group A meningococcal conjugate vaccine.","volume":"212","author":"MenAfriCar consortium","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70288-8","article-title":"Meningococcal carriage in the African meningitis belt.","volume":"7","author":"Trotter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R7","first-page":"325","article-title":"Epidemic group C meningococcal meningitis in Upper Volta, 1979.","volume":"61","author":"Broome","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R8","unstructured":"Funk A, Uadiale K, Kamau C, Caugant DA, Ango U, Greig J. Sequential outbreaks due to a new strain ofNeisseria meningitidisserogroup C in northern Nigeria, 2013\u201314. PLoS Curr. 2014;6:pii:ecurrents.outbreaks.b50c2aaf1032b3ccade0fca0b63ee518."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R9","article-title":"Emergence of epidemic serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis, Niger\u20142015: analysis of national surveillance data.","author":"Sidikou","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)91533-1","article-title":"Emergence of meningococcal meningitis caused by W 135 subgroup in Africa.","volume":"2","author":"Denis","year":"1982","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00300.x","article-title":"Meningitis caused by a serogroup W135 clone of the ET-37 complex of Neisseria meningitidis in West Africa.","volume":"3","author":"Kwara","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.3.1083-1084.2002","article-title":"Neisseria meningitidis serogroups W135 and A were equally prevalent among meningitis cases occurring at the end of the 2001 epidemics in Burkina Faso and Niger.","volume":"40","author":"Taha","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.04.038","article-title":"The first large epidemic of meningococcal disease caused by serogroup W135, Burkina Faso, 2002.","volume":"25","author":"Koumar\u00e9","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-576","article-title":"Epidemiological changes in meningococcal meningitis in Niger from 2008 to 2011 and the impact of vaccination.","volume":"13","author":"Collard","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2003.131407","article-title":"Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W, Burkina Faso, 2012.","volume":"20","author":"MacNeil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2015.07.007","article-title":"Genomic resolution of an aggressive, widespread, diverse and expanding meningococcal serogroup B, C and W lineage.","volume":"71","author":"Lucidarme","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2015.09.007","article-title":"Genomic epidemiology of hypervirulent serogroup W, ST-11 Neisseria meningitidis.","volume":"2","author":"Mustapha","year":"2015","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R18","unstructured":"Wyeth Pharmaceuticals. Trumenba: prescribing information. 2014. [cited 2016 Mar 18]. http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/BiologicsBloodVaccines\/Vaccines\/ApprovedProducts\/UCM421139.pdf"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R19","unstructured":"Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics. Bexsero: highlights of prescribing information. 2015. [cited 2016 Mar 18]. http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/BiologicsBloodVaccines\/Vaccines\/ApprovedProducts\/UCM431447.pdf"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19361","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019361","article-title":"sodC-based real-time PCR for detection of Neisseria meningitidis.","volume":"6","author":"Dolan Thomas","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2474","article-title":"Nonhybrid, finished microbial genome assemblies from long-read SMRT sequencing data.","volume":"10","author":"Chin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R25","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2009-10-3-r25","article-title":"Ultrafast and memory-efficient alignment of short DNA sequences to the human genome.","volume":"10","author":"Langmead","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-595","article-title":"BIGSdb: Scalable analysis of bacterial genome variation at the population level.","volume":"11","author":"Jolley","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00825-13","article-title":"Neisseria adhesin A variation and revised nomenclature scheme.","volume":"21","author":"Bambini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e81760","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081760","article-title":"When whole-genome alignments just won\u2019t work: kSNP v2 software for alignment-free SNP discovery and phylogenetics of hundreds of microbial genomes.","volume":"8","author":"Gardner","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197","article-title":"MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0.","volume":"30","author":"Tamura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02184-12","article-title":"Target gene sequencing to define the susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis to ciprofloxacin.","volume":"57","author":"Hong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00412-07","article-title":"Target gene sequencing to characterize the penicillin G susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis.","volume":"51","author":"Taha","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R29","first-page":"206","article-title":"Meningococcal disease control in countries of the African meningitis belt, 2013.","volume":"89","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2011.12.001","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae\u2014a review of carriage, infection, serotype replacement and vaccination.","volume":"13","author":"Mehr","year":"2012","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1086\/507339","article-title":"The rise and fall of epidemic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135 meningitis in Burkina Faso, 2002-2005.","volume":"43","author":"Traor\u00e9","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0910.030182","article-title":"Environmental risk and meningitis epidemics in Africa.","volume":"9","author":"Molesworth","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.04.092","article-title":"Prevalence and genetic diversity of candidate vaccine antigens among invasive Neisseria meningitidis isolates in the United States.","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.06.083","article-title":"Broad vaccine coverage predicted for a bivalent recombinant factor H binding protein based vaccine to prevent serogroup B meningococcal disease.","volume":"28","author":"Jiang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.10.072","article-title":"Functional impacts of the diversity of the meningococcal factor H binding protein.","volume":"31","author":"Hong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07769","article-title":"Neisseria meningitidis recruits factor H using protein mimicry of host carbohydrates.","volume":"458","author":"Schneider","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2210.160468-201609140911-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.12.022","article-title":"Could the multicomponent meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB) control Neisseria meningitidis capsular group X outbreaks in Africa?","volume":"31","author":"Hong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vaccine"}],"container-title":["Emerging Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/22\/10\/16-0468_article","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T23:23:14Z","timestamp":1732922594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/22\/10\/16-0468_article.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2210.160468","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-6040","type":"print"},{"value":"1080-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]}}}