{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T20:41:07Z","timestamp":1790023267079,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emerg. Infect. Dis."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"DOI":"10.3201\/eid2310.161642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]],"date-time":"2017-09-13T08:21:49Z","timestamp":1505290909000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Enteric Infections Circulating during Hajj Seasons, 2011\u20132013"],"prefix":"10.3201","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Moataz","family":"Abd El Ghany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Alsomali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malak","family":"Almasri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eriko","family":"Padron Regalado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raeece","family":"Naeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AbdulHafeez","family":"Tukestani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Asiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant A.","family":"Hill-Cawthorne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnab","family":"Pain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziad A.","family":"Memish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1822","reference":[{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00364-3","article-title":"Travel epidemiology: the Saudi perspective.","volume":"21","author":"Memish","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70337-1","article-title":"Emergence of medicine for mass gatherings: lessons from the Hajj.","volume":"12","author":"Memish","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70246-8","article-title":"Global perspectives for prevention of infectious diseases associated with mass gatherings.","volume":"12","author":"Abubakar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68429-8","article-title":"Health risks at the Hajj.","volume":"367","author":"Ahmed","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61682-2","article-title":"Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.","volume":"385","author":"GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60560-1","article-title":"Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality: an updated systematic analysis for 2010 with time trends since 2000.","volume":"379","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60844-2","article-title":"Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study.","volume":"382","author":"Kotloff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taw072","article-title":"Epidemiology of travellers\u2019 diarrhea.","volume":"24","author":"Steffen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.17006","article-title":"Traveler\u2019s diarrhea: a clinical review.","volume":"313","author":"Steffen","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00052-05","article-title":"Prevention and self-treatment of traveler\u2019s diarrhea.","volume":"19","author":"Diemert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i1937","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i1937","article-title":"Travellers\u2019 diarrhoea.","volume":"353","author":"Barrett","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20426","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.18.11.20426-en","article-title":"Outbreaks associated to large open air festivals, including music festivals, 1980 to 2012.","volume":"18","author":"Botelho-Nevers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.03.007","article-title":"Communicable diseases as health risks at mass gatherings other than Hajj: what is the evidence?","volume":"47","author":"Gautret","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2015.02.005","article-title":"Diarrhea at the Hajj and Umrah.","volume":"13","author":"Gautret","year":"2015","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R15","first-page":"1073","article-title":"Pattern of admission to hospitals during muslim pilgrimage (Hajj).","volume":"24","author":"Al-Ghamdi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2015.8.12120","article-title":"Diseases pattern among patients attending Holy Mosque (Haram) Medical Centers during Hajj 1434 (2013).","volume":"36","author":"Bakhsh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R17","first-page":"1373","article-title":"Pattern of medical diseases and determinants of prognosis of hospitalization during 2005 Muslim pilgrimage Hajj in a tertiary care hospital. A prospective cohort study.","volume":"27","author":"Khan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2014.04.003","article-title":"Occurrence of Tropheryma whipplei during diarrhea in Hajj pilgrims: a PCR analysis of paired rectal swabs.","volume":"12","author":"Gautret","year":"2014","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2015.01.010","article-title":"Acquisition of extended-spectrum cephalosporin- and colistin-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Newport by pilgrims during Hajj.","volume":"45","author":"Olaitan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5942","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00669-16","article-title":"Acquisition of a high diversity of bacteria during the Hajj pilgrimage, including Acinetobacter baumannii with blaOXA-72 and Escherichia coli with blaNDM-5 carbapenemase genes.","volume":"60","author":"Leangapichart","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R21","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance 2014 [cited 2016 Oct 1]. http:\/\/www.who.int\/drugresistance\/documents\/surveillancereport"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2008.09.006","article-title":"Detection of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Vibrio cholerae, and Campylobacter spp. enteropathogens by 3-reaction multiplex polymerase chain reaction.","volume":"63","author":"G\u00f3mez-Duarte","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.63.405","article-title":"Molecular epidemiological study of rotavirus and norovirus infections among children with acute gastroenteritis in Nha Trang, Vietnam, December 2005-June 2006.","volume":"63","author":"Tamura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3927","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00497-09","article-title":"Multicenter comparison of two norovirus ORF2-based genotyping protocols.","volume":"47","author":"Mattison","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.4.797-801.1995","article-title":"Typing of human astroviruses from clinical isolates by enzyme immunoassay and nucleotide sequencing.","volume":"33","author":"Noel","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-238","article-title":"RotaC: a web-based tool for the complete genome classification of group A rotaviruses.","volume":"9","author":"Maes","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2011.03.006","article-title":"An automated genotyping tool for enteroviruses and noroviruses.","volume":"51","author":"Kroneman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.1.133-139.2002","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of astrovirus infection in Barcelona, Spain.","volume":"40","author":"Guix","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3085","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02050-13","article-title":"Molecular characterization of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the countries of the Gulf cooperation council: dominance of OXA-48 and NDM producers.","volume":"58","author":"Zowawi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.05.024","article-title":"Hajj vaccinations-facts, challenges, and hope.","volume":"47","author":"Abd El Ghany","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.02.011","article-title":"Prospective study of pathogens in asymptomatic travellers and those with diarrhoea: aetiological agents revisited.","volume":"22","author":"L\u00e4\u00e4veri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S536","DOI":"10.1086\/432948","article-title":"Epidemiology of traveler\u2019s diarrhea.","volume":"41","author":"Steffen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21291","article-title":"Enteric viruses in pediatric diarrhea in Saudi Arabia.","volume":"80","author":"Tayeb","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu957","article-title":"Antimicrobials increase travelers\u2019 risk of colonization by extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.","volume":"60","author":"Kantele","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2016.03.003","article-title":"The strategic plan for combating antimicrobial resistance in Gulf Cooperation Council States.","volume":"9","author":"Balkhy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2016.9.16139","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Saudi Arabia. An urgent call for an immediate action.","volume":"37","author":"Zowawi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx155","article-title":"Risk factors for acquisition of CTX-M genes in pilgrims during Hajj 2013 and 2014.","volume":"72","author":"Leangapichart","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10392","article-title":"Evidence for several waves of global transmission in the seventh cholera pandemic.","volume":"477","author":"Mutreja","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2981","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002981","article-title":"The population structure of Vibrio cholerae from the Chandigarh Region of Northern India.","volume":"8","author":"Abd El Ghany","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3281","article-title":"Phylogeographical analysis of the dominant multidrug-resistant H58 clade of Salmonella Typhi identifies inter- and intracontinental transmission events.","volume":"47","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2369","article-title":"Shigella sonnei genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis indicate recent global dissemination from Europe.","volume":"44","author":"Holt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3145","article-title":"Identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) clades with long-term global distribution.","volume":"46","author":"von Mentzer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000011","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000011","article-title":"Metagenomic analysis of human diarrhea: viral detection and discovery.","volume":"4","author":"Finkbeiner","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4219","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004219","article-title":"Direct metagenomic detection of viral pathogens in nasal and fecal specimens using an unbiased high-throughput sequencing approach.","volume":"4","author":"Nakamura","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2310.161642-201710101021-R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1411.080589","article-title":"Metagenomic diagnosis of bacterial infections.","volume":"14","author":"Nakamura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Emerging Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/23\/10\/16-1642_article","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T18:28:57Z","timestamp":1732904937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/23\/10\/16-1642_article.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2310.161642","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-6040","type":"print"},{"value":"1080-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}}}