{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:30:32Z","timestamp":1790947832640,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emerg. Infect. Dis."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.3201\/eid2402.161126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,3]],"date-time":"2018-01-03T15:19:34Z","timestamp":1514992774000},"page":"230-235","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["<i>Echinococcus<\/i>spp. Tapeworms in North America"],"prefix":"10.3201","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jacey Roche","family":"Cerda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle Elise","family":"Buttke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lora Rickard","family":"Ballweber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1822","reference":[{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1524","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001524","article-title":"Human echinococcosis mortality in the United States, 1990-2007.","volume":"6","author":"Bristow","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1202.050499","article-title":"Global socioeconomic impact of cystic echinococcosis.","volume":"12","author":"Budke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.08.008","article-title":"Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes infecting humans\u2014review of current knowledge.","volume":"44","author":"Alvarez Rojas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.09.027","article-title":"A review of the global prevalence, molecular epidemiology and economics of cystic echinococcosis in production animals.","volume":"192","author":"Cardona","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.03.009","article-title":"Echinococcosis in wild carnivorous species: epidemiology, genotypic diversity, and implications for veterinary public health.","volume":"202","author":"Carmena","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R6","unstructured":"Thompson RCA, McManus DP. Aetiology: parasites and life-cycles. In: Eckert J, Gemmell MA, X. MF, Pawlowski Z, editors. WHO\/OIE manual on echinococcosis in humans and animals: a public health problem of global concern. Paris, France: World Organisation for Animal Health; 2002. p. 1\u201319."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R7","first-page":"870","article-title":"Alveolar hydatid disease (Echinococcus multilocularis) in the liver of a Canadian dog in British Columbia, a newly endemic region.","volume":"53","author":"Peregrine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-016-5015-4","article-title":"Fresh fruit, vegetables, and mushrooms as transmission vehicles for Echinococcus multilocularis in Europe: inferences and concerns from sample analysis data from Poland.","volume":"115","author":"Robertson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.06.002","article-title":"Phylogenetic systematics of the genus Echinococcus (Cestoda: Taeniidae).","volume":"43","author":"Nakao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thompson RCA. Biology and systematics ofEchinococcus. In: Thompson RCA, Deplazes P, Lymbery AJ, editors. Advanced Parasitology, vol. 95. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press Inc.; 2017. p. 65\u2013110.","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.07.001"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S73","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003003664","article-title":"Cystic echinococcosis in the Arctic and sub-Arctic.","volume":"127","author":"Rausch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.2307\/3274390","article-title":"Studies on the helminth fauna of Alaska. XXXIV. The parasites of wolves, Canis lupus L.","volume":"45","author":"Rausch","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jenkins EJ, Castrodale LJ, de Rosemond SJC, Dixon BR, Elmore SA, Gesy KM, Tradition and transition: parasitic zoonoses of people and animals in Alaska, Northern Canada, and Greenland. In: Rollinson D, editor. Advanced Parasitology, vol 82. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press Inc.; 2013. p. 33\u2013204.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407706-5.00002-2"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2013.02.004","article-title":"Surveillance for Echinococcus canadensis genotypes in Canadian ungulates.","volume":"2","author":"Schurer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1139\/cjz-2016-0017","article-title":"Intestinal parasites of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in northern and western Canada.","volume":"94","author":"Schurer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.2307\/3797763","article-title":"Notes on the prevalence of hydatid disease in Alaska moose.","volume":"23","author":"Rausch","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Wildl Manage"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2014.03.007","article-title":"Spatial heterogeneity and temporal variations in Echinococcus multilocularis infections in wild hosts in a North American urban setting.","volume":"44","author":"Liccioli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1810.120119","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis in urban coyotes, Alberta, Canada.","volume":"18","author":"Catalano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1990653131","article-title":"The ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis (Cestoda: Taeniidae) on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. II. Helminth populations in the definitive host.","volume":"65","author":"Rausch","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Parasitol Hum Comp"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deplazes P, Rinaldi L, Alvarez Rojas CA, Torgerson PR, Harandi MF, Romig T, Global distribution of alveolar and cystic echinococcosis. In: Thompson RCA, Deplazes P, Lymbery AJ, editors. Advanced Parasitology, vol. 95. Cambridge: Elsevier Academic Press Inc.; 2017. p. 315\u2013494.","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.11.001"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2014.03.002","article-title":"Unexpected diversity of the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis in wildlife in Canada.","volume":"3","author":"Gesy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2014069","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis in North America: the great unknown.","volume":"21","author":"Massolo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.325","article-title":"Two atypical cases of cystic echinococcosis (Echinococcus granulosus) in Alaska, 1999.","volume":"66","author":"Castrodale","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.2307\/3273871","article-title":"Echinococcus infection in Mississippi. A new record of a natural infection in dogs.","volume":"39","author":"Franklin","year":"1953","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.2307\/3276227","article-title":"Additional records of Echinococcus granulosus from dogs in the lower Mississippi region.","volume":"51","author":"Ward","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sawyer JC, Schantz PM, Schwabe CW, Milton WN. Identification of transmission foci of hydatid disease in California. Public Health Rep (1896\u20131970). 1969;84:531\u201341.","DOI":"10.2307\/4593608"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1970.19.823","article-title":"Hydatid disease in the central valley of California. Transmission of infection among dogs, sheep, and man in Kern county.","volume":"19","author":"Schantz","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1978.39.03.499","article-title":"Echinococcus granulosus in dogs and sheep in central Utah, 1971-1976.","volume":"39","author":"Loveless","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R29","first-page":"65","article-title":"Evaluation of program to control hydatid-disease in central Utah.","volume":"43","author":"Andersen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Great Basin Nat"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112478","article-title":"Echinococcosis in American Indians living in Arizona and New Mexico: a review of recent studies.","volume":"106","author":"Schantz","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1977.26.732","article-title":"An evolving pattern of human hydatid disease transmission in the United States.","volume":"26","author":"Pappaioanou","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1988.38.380","article-title":"Risk factors for infection with Echinococcus multilocularis in Alaska.","volume":"38","author":"Stehr-Green","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2307\/3283357","article-title":"Echinococcus granulosus (Taeniidae) and autochthonous echinococcosis in a North American horse.","volume":"80","author":"Hoberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.2307\/3277559","article-title":"Prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus hydatid in California deer.","volume":"56","author":"Brunetti","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.2307\/3277557","article-title":"The occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus in coyotes (Canis latrans) in the central valley of California.","volume":"56","author":"Liu","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R36","first-page":"170","article-title":"Maintenance of Echinococcus in the United States.","volume":"95","author":"Riley","year":"1939","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R37","unstructured":"Ramsey J.Echinococcus: Presence in wolves, and agency efforts on public education and outreach. Helena (MT): Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, & Parks; 2010."},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-45.4.1208","article-title":"Echinococcus granulosus in gray wolves and ungulates in Idaho and Montana, USA.","volume":"45","author":"Foreyt","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R39","first-page":"27","article-title":"Echinococcus granulosus genotype 8 in Maine moose (Alces alces).","volume":"50","author":"Lichtenwalner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alces"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.2307\/3277560","article-title":"Studies on sylvatic echinococcosis. 3. Host occurrence and geographic distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis in the north central United States.","volume":"56","author":"Leiby","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.2307\/3278173","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis: a possible domestic life cycle in central North America and its public health implications.","volume":"58","author":"Leiby","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.2307\/3281785","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis in Wisconsin.","volume":"70","author":"Ballard","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.2307\/3281167","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis in Illinois and Nebraska.","volume":"69","author":"Ballard","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-3057.1","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis identified in Michigan with additional records from Ohio.","volume":"98","author":"Storandt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2002)088[0420:DAPOEM]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Distribution and prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in wild predators in Nebraska, Kansas, and Wyoming.","volume":"88","author":"Storandt","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2000)086[0075:FTIAEI]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Failure to identify alveolar echinococcosis in trappers from South Dakota in spite of high prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in wild canids.","volume":"86","author":"Hildreth","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1979.03290350024014","article-title":"Alveolar hydatid disease in Minnesota. First human case acquired in the contiguous United States.","volume":"241","author":"Gamble","year":"1979","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2402.161126-201801160919-R48","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. HCUP databases: national inpatient sample. November 2017 [cited 2017 Dec 13]. https:\/\/www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/nisoverview.jsp"}],"container-title":["Emerging Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/24\/2\/16-1126_article","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]],"date-time":"2025-06-29T10:22:45Z","timestamp":1751192565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/24\/2\/16-1126_article.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2402.161126","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-6040","type":"print"},{"value":"1080-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}}}