{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T02:50:08Z","timestamp":1784343008564,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emerg. Infect. Dis."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T19:24:56Z","timestamp":1586805896000},"page":"1592-1595","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":303,"title":["Inactivation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 by WHO-Recommended Hand Rub Formulations and Alcohols"],"prefix":"10.3201","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Annika","family":"Kratzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Todt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"V\u2019kovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitra","family":"Gultom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Thi Nhu","family":"Thao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Ebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melle","family":"Holwerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Steinmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Niemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Dijkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnter","family":"Kampf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Drosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eike","family":"Steinmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Pfaender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1822","reference":[{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030747","article-title":"Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome.","volume":"348","author":"Drosten","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","article-title":"Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia.","volume":"367","author":"Zaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): the epidemic and the challenges.","volume":"55","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R4","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO Director-General\u2019s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19: 11 March 2020 [cited 2020 Apr 8] https:\/\/www.who.int\/dg\/speeches\/detail\/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R5","unstructured":"Gardner L. Update January 31: modeling the spreading risk of 2019-nCoV. Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering; 2020 Jan 31 [cited 2020 Mar 31] https:\/\/systems.jhu.edu\/research\/public-health\/ncov-model-2"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R6","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on hand hygiene in health care: first global patient safety challenge clean care is safer care. Geneva: the Organization; 2009 [cited 2020 Apr 08] https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/44102\/9789241597906_eng.pdf"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R7","unstructured":"European Committee for Standardization. Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics. Hygienic hand disinfection. Test method and requirement. Brussels: the Committee; 2013 [cited 2020 Apr 8] https:\/\/standards.globalspec.com\/std\/1597777\/EN%201500"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2011.05.005","article-title":"Testing of the World Health Organization-recommended formulations for surgical hand preparation and proposals for increased efficacy.","volume":"79","author":"Suchomel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1086\/669528","article-title":"Modified World Health Organization hand rub formulations comply with European efficacy requirements for preoperative surgical hand preparations.","volume":"34","author":"Suchomel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix046","article-title":"Virucidal activity of World Health Organization-recommended formulations against enveloped viruses, including Zika, Ebola, and emerging coronaviruses.","volume":"215","author":"Siddharta","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.01.022","article-title":"Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents.","volume":"104","author":"Kampf","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"key-10.3201\/eid2607.200915-202006171822-R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"George VG, Hierholzer JC, Ades EW. Cell culture. In: Virology methods manual. Mahy BWJ, Kangro HO, editors. Academic Press: London; 1996. p. 3\u201324.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012465330-6\/50002-6"}],"container-title":["Emerging Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/26\/7\/20-0915_article","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]],"date-time":"2024-11-30T17:34:35Z","timestamp":1732988075000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/wwwnc.cdc.gov\/eid\/article\/26\/7\/20-0915_article.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2607.200915","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-6040","1080-6059"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-6040","type":"print"},{"value":"1080-6059","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}}}