{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T11:49:30Z","timestamp":1766836170209,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Siapec Servizi Srl","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathologica"],"DOI":"10.32074\/1591-951x-n1064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T11:47:36Z","timestamp":1766836056000},"page":"523-528","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Paul Langerhans (1847-1888): perceiving the unknown and describing it"],"prefix":"10.32074","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Carlo","family":"Patriarca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Petracco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giacomo Maria","family":"Pini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Chiaravalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Rindi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"21774","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref1","unstructured":"Pende N. Ancora sulla teoria insulare del diabete. Pathologica Vol 1 n.2 3. 15 ottobre 1909."},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vecchio I, Tornali C, Bragazzi NL, Martini M. The Discovery of Insulin: An Important Milestone in the History of Medicine. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018 Oct 23;9:613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2018.00613. PMID: 30405529; PMCID: PMC6205949.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00613"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baskin DG. A Historical Perspective on the Identification of Cell Types in Pancreatic Islets of Langerhans by Staining and Histochemical Techniques. J Histochem Cytochem. 2015 Aug;63(8):543-58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1369\/0022155415589119. PMID: 26216133; PMCID: PMC4530402.","DOI":"10.1369\/0022155415589119"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Opie EL. The relation of diabetes mellitus to lesions of the pancreas. Hyaline degeneration of the islands of Langerhans. J Exp Med (1901b). 5: 527-540","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.5.5.527"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patriarca C, Modena P, Massimino M, Gibilisco F, Barbareschi M, Conca A. Science and pseudo science: racist eugenics in Italy. Pathologica. 2023 Apr;115(2):117-125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32074\/1591-951X-844. Epub 2023 Jan 27. PMID: 36704872; PMCID: PMC10463001.","DOI":"10.32074\/1591-951X-844"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref6","unstructured":"Langerhans P. Beitr\u00e4ge zur mikroskopischen Anatomie der Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcse: Inaugural-Dissertaton, zur Erlangung der Doctorw\u00fcrde in der Medicin und Chirurgie vorgelegt der Medicinischen Facult\u00e4t der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin [Translated: Morrison H. Contributions to the microscopic anatomy of the pancreas. Bulletin of the Institute of the History of Medicine 1937; 5(3): 259-297] [Islets of Langerhans]"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scientific news. The American Naturalist. Vol 22 n. 263 (nov 1888) pag 1047-48.","DOI":"10.1086\/274828"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref8","unstructured":"Security, Society and the State. Malte Thiessen. Historical Social Research 2021;46(4):211-315. Publ. by Gesis-Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref9","unstructured":"Robert A. Norman. Rudolf Virchow, the Father of Pathology.Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2022."},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hausen BM. The man behind the eponym. Paul Langerhans\u2013life and work. Part I. Childhood, early education, and college education. Am J Dermatopathol. 1987;9(2):151-156.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-198704000-00012"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langerhans P. Ueber die Nerven der menschlichen Haut [On the nerves of the human skin]. Archiv f\u00fcr pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und f\u00fcr klinische Medicin. 1868;44:325-337.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01959006"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silberberg I. Apposition of mononuclear cells to langerhans cells in contact allergic reactions. An ultrastructural study. Acta Derm Venereol. 1973;53(1):1-12. PMID: 4120802.","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555553112"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref13","unstructured":"Sertoli E. Sulla terminazione dei nervi nei peli tattili. Gazzetta m\u00e9dico-veterinaria 1872;2:421-451."},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref14","unstructured":"Langerhans P. Beitr\u00e4ge zur mikroskopischen Anatomie der Bauchspeicheldr\u00fcse: Inaugural-Dissertaton, zur Erlangung der Doctorw\u00fcrde in der Medicin und Chirurgie vorgelegt der Medicinischen Facult\u00e4t der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin [Translated: Morrison H. Contributions to the microscopic anatomy of the pancreas. Bulletin of the Institute of the History of Medicine 1937;5(3):259-297"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref15","unstructured":"Bernard C. \u201cM\u00e9moire sur le pancr\u00e9as et sur le r\u00f4le du suc pancr\u00e9atique dans les ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes digestifs\u201d. First edition. Published in vol I of Supplement aux Comptes Rendus 1856, pp. 379-563."},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref16","unstructured":"Laguesse E. Dur la formation dels \u00eelots de Langerhans dans le pancr\u00e9as. Comptes rendus des s\u00e9ances de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de biologie et de ses filiales. 1893;45(9):819-820"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Virchow R. Zur Chemie des Pankreas. Arch Pathol Anat 1854; 7: 580","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01936493"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hausen BM. The man behind the eponym. Paul Langerhans. Life and work. Part IV: Publications. Am J Dermatopathol. 1987;9(3):270-275.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-198706000-00016"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hausen BM. The man behind the eponym. Paul Langerhans\u2013life and work. Part II. Postgraduate studies, travels, first signs of disease, Madeira. Am J Dermatopathol. 1987;9(2):157-162.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-198704000-00013"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hausen BM. The man behind the eponym. Paul Langerhans. Life and work. Part III: Scientific research, marriage, and death. Am J Dermatopathol. 1987;9(3):264-269.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-198706000-00015"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langerhans P. Lepra und Leproserien in Jerusalem. Archiv f\u00fcr pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und f\u00fcr klinische Medicin. 1870;50:453-455.","DOI":"10.1515\/9783112391303-034"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref22","unstructured":"The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 1899;28(1\/1):145-151."},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Egeler RM, Zantinga AR, Coppes MJ. Paul Langerhans Jr. (1847-1888): a short life, yet two eponymic legacies. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1994;22(2):129-132.","DOI":"10.1002\/mpo.2950220213"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langerhans P. Untersuchungen \u00fcber Petromyzon planeri. Freiburg. C Tromer 1873","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.159395"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref25","unstructured":"Scharbert G. Freud and Evolution Hist Phil Life Sci. 2009;31:295-312."},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patriarca C, Lo Bello G, Zannella S, et al. Tuberculosis: the sanatorium season in the early 20th century. Pathologica. 2022;114(4):342-346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32074\/1591-951X-333. PMID: 36136904; PMCID: PMC9624135.","DOI":"10.32074\/1591-951X-333"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langerhans P. Zur Atiologie der Phythise. Arch Pathol Anat. 1884;97:289-306.","DOI":"10.1515\/9783112388662-015"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref28","unstructured":"Langerhans P. Handbuch fur Madeira. Berlin 1885. Verlag August Hirschwald."},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref29","unstructured":"The American Naturalist Vol 26, n. 309 (sept 1892) pag. 728-29."},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sakula A. Paul Langerhans (1847-1888): a centenary tribute. J R Soc Med. 1988;81(7):414-415.","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688808100718"},{"key":"10.32074\/1591-951X-N1064_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patriarca C, Colecchia M, Clerici CA. Enrico Sertoli and the supporting cells of the testis \u201cMorphology is function\u201d. Pathologica. 2019 Dec;111(4):375-381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32074\/1591-951X-32-19. PMID: 31965116; PMCID: PMC8145671.","DOI":"10.32074\/1591-951X-32-19"}],"container-title":["Pathologica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pathologica.it\/article\/view\/1064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T11:48:07Z","timestamp":1766836087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.pathologica.it\/article\/view\/1064"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32074\/1591-951x-n1064","relation":{},"ISSN":["1591-951X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1591-951X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"article-number":"9"}}