{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T01:56:24Z","timestamp":1772243784922,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Several forms of treatment for nicotine dependence that combine the classical smoking cessation strategies with new Virtual Reality (VR) exposure techniques to smoking-related cues are in development. In this line, the main goal of our study was to develop a virtual platform in order to induce cravings in smokers. Sixty undergraduate students were randomly assigned to two different virtual environments (high-arousal cues and low-arousal cues). Both environments were based on a three-room apartment with commercial music playing and virtual characters interacting in a social event. The assessment was carried out before and after exposure through psychophysiological activation and self-report data for craving and nicotine dependence levels. No statistical differences were observed between smokers and non-smokers in psychophysiological activation. As far as self-report data is concerned, smokers revealed a significant increase in craving after the VR exposure to high arousal environments. Overall results were in line with previous studies suggesting the use of virtual environments as a tool for the existing smoking cessation programs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/978-1-60750-766-6-63","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T10:26:30Z","timestamp":1740133590000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Virtual Reality Exposure on Nicotine Craving"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"family":"Gamito Pedro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Oliveira Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Baptista Andr&eacute;","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Pereira Edgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Morais Diogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Saraiva Tomaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Santos Nuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Soares F&aacute;bio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","Annual Review of Cybertherapy and Telemedicine 2011"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T10:45:42Z","timestamp":1740134742000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.medra.org\/servlet\/aliasResolver?alias=iospressISSNISBN&issn=0926-9630&volume=167&spage=63"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/978-1-60750-766-6-63","relation":{"is-cited-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2196\/preprints.24307","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2196\/24307","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0926-9630"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0926-9630","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}