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In this paper we introduce RO-Crate, an open, community-driven, and lightweight approach to packaging research artefacts along with their metadata in a machine readable manner. RO-Crate is based on Schema.org annotations in JSON-LD, aiming to establish best practices to formally describe metadata in an accessible and practical way for their use in a wide variety of situations. <\/jats:p><jats:p> An RO-Crate is a structured archive of all the items that contributed to a research outcome, including their identifiers, provenance, relations and annotations. As a general purpose packaging approach for data and their metadata, RO-Crate is used across multiple areas, including bioinformatics, digital humanities and regulatory sciences. By applying \u201cjust enough\u201d Linked Data standards, RO-Crate simplifies the process of making research outputs FAIR while also enhancing research reproducibility. <\/jats:p><jats:p> An RO-Crate for this article <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup> <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup> https:\/\/w3id.org\/ro\/doi\/10.5281\/zenodo.5146227 is archived at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.5146227 . <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/ds-210053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T16:28:38Z","timestamp":1641313718000},"page":"97-138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["Packaging research artefacts with RO-Crate"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9842-9718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stian","family":"Soiland-Reyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, The University of 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