{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T19:28:31Z","timestamp":1771702111374,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643682402","type":"print"},{"value":"9781643682419","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640131200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapid progress in urban construction and informatization, especially the recent ubiquity of portable devices and intelligent infrastructures, has rapidly aggravated the concentration of pedestrians in built environments. These smart environments, which have been driven close to their limitation in daily operations, can be vulnerable during emergency situations and amplify the losses in lives and property. However, like every coin has two sides, the extra resources brought by smart equipments enlarge the optimisation space of an emergency search and rescue process and provide opportunities for new system frameworks and algorithms. In this paper, we review the current state and opportunities of the pedestrian search and rescue problem. key factors including system design, pedestrian dynamic modelling, and algorithm development are reviewed and summarised.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/faia210420","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T10:29:20Z","timestamp":1640773760000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Searching and Rescuing Victims in Emergency: A Comprehensive Survey"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"given":"Huibo","family":"Bi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, College of Metropolitan Transportation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erol","family":"Gelenbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Theoretical & Applied Informatics, Polish Academy of Sciences (IITIS-PAN), Ba\u0142tycka 5, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","Proceedings of CECNet 2021"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA210420","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T10:29:22Z","timestamp":1640773762000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA210420"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]]},"ISBN":["9781643682402","9781643682419"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/faia210420","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6389","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]]}}}