{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T06:31:43Z","timestamp":1756189903055},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643684703","type":"print"},{"value":"9781643684710","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702339200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study was envisaged to develop a step-feed two-stage AO process for the removal of nitrogen via biological methods in conformity with regulations for the discharge of low-C\/N-ratio municipal wastewater. The carbon source was preserved by setting a preliminary anoxic tank and reducing the content of dissolved oxygen in the effluent of oxic tank 1. The effect of step-feed ratio on the removal rate of nitrogen was investigated. The results showed that the COD removal rate was not significantly affected by the step-feed ratio, and COD concentrations in the effluent were reduced to lower than 30 mg\/L in all the samples. The removal rate of the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen were obviously affected by the step-feed ratio. When the step-feed ratio of anoxic tank 1 was set to 70, 80, and 90%, the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the effluent was 1.49, 17.57, 0.52, 13.24, 0.31, and 10.28 mg\/L, respectively, and the removal rates reached 96.60, 63.58, 98.77, 72.17, 99.27, and 78.74%, respectively. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen exhibited an increase with an increase in the step-feed ratio of anoxic tank 1. The removal rate of total phosphorus in the step-feed two-stage AO process was as low as 34.72%. When polyaluminium chloride (PAC) was added to the pipeline connecting oxic tank 2 and secondary sedimentation tank, the concentration of total phosphorus in the effluent was reduced to lower than 0.5 mg\/L. The quality of the municipal wastewater with a low C\/N ratio could attain the 1A-level discharge standards after the treatment with a combination of step-feed two-stage AO process and chemical phosphorus-eliminating process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/faia231055","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T15:09:12Z","timestamp":1702566552000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Influence of Step-Feed Ratio on the Nitrogen Removal Efficiency of Two-Stage AO Process in the Treatment of Municipal Sewage with a Low C\/N Ratio"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"given":"Baohua","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Baisha Tobacco Co., Ltd., Baoding Cigarette Factory, Baoding, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huijun","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Baisha Tobacco Co., Ltd., Baoding Cigarette Factory, Baoding, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"You","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Baisha Tobacco Co., Ltd., Baoding Cigarette Factory, Baoding, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","Fuzzy Systems and Data Mining IX"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA231055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T15:09:13Z","timestamp":1702566553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA231055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]},"ISBN":["9781643684703","9781643684710"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/faia231055","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6389","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]}}}