{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T04:28:54Z","timestamp":1729225734743,"version":"3.27.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643685489","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we tackle the problem of planning in complex numerical domains, where actions are indexed by control parameters, and their effects may be described by neural networks. We propose a lazy, hierarchical approach based on two ingredients. First, a Satisfiability Modulo Theory solver looks for an abstract plan where the neural networks in the model are abstracted into uninterpreted functions. Then, we attempt to concretize the abstract plan by querying the neural network to determine the control parameters. If the concretization fails and no valid control parameters could be found, suitable information to refine the abstraction is lifted to the Satisfiability Modulo Theory model. We contrast our work against the state of the art in NN-enriched numerical planning, where the neural network is eagerly and exactly represented as terms in Satisfiability Modulo Theories over nonlinear real arithmetic. Our systematic evaluation on four different planning domains shows that avoiding symbolic reasoning about the neural network not only leads to substantial efficiency improvements, but also enables their integration as black-box models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/faia241000","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T13:54:08Z","timestamp":1729173248000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Lazy Approach to Neural Numerical Planning with Control Parameters"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Heesch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Cimatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Ehrhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Diedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Niggemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","ECAI 2024"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA241000","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T13:54:08Z","timestamp":1729173248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA241000"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"ISBN":["9781643685489"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/faia241000","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6389","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]}}}