{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T08:45:06Z","timestamp":1771145106761,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643685625","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733356800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Factors are a foundational component of legal analysis and computational models of legal reasoning. These factor-based representations enable lawyers, judges, and AI and Law researchers to reason about legal cases. In this paper, we introduce a methodology that leverages large language models (LLMs) to discover lists of factors that effectively represent a legal domain. Our method takes as input raw court opinions and produces a set of factors and associated definitions. We demonstrate that a semi-automated approach, incorporating minimal human involvement, produces factor representations that can predict case outcomes with moderate success, if not yet as well as expert-defined factors can.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/faia241234","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T00:00:29Z","timestamp":1733443229000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Using LLMs to Discover Legal Factors"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3800-2103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morgan","family":"Gray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3674-5456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaromir","family":"Savelka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3873-8479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wesley","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Law, Duquesne University, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3873-8479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Ashley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Systems Program, University of Pittsburgh, USA"},{"name":"School of Law, University of Pittsburgh, USA"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","Legal Knowledge and Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA241234","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T00:00:29Z","timestamp":1733443229000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA241234"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]},"ISBN":["9781643685625"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/faia241234","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6389","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]}}}