{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:42:30Z","timestamp":1780393350621,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643686172","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite its central importance for an ontology of food and food production, the notion of food product remains ambiguous. In this work, we develop two ontological approaches to food products within the framework of the upper ontology Basic Formal Ontology (BFO), aiming to enrich the axiomatization of the class Food product in the existing BFO-compliant ontology FoodOn. The first, a derivation-based approach, characterizes food products as being intentionally \u201cderived from\u201d food materials. The second, a role-based approach, analyzes them as food materials that bear a \u201cproduct role\u201d. We propose to elaborate these approaches to food products by introducing the relation \u201cderives from part of\u201d for the derivation-based approach and the entity \u201cconsumption product role\u201d for the role-based approach. We evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and propose possible strategies for addressing their respective weaknesses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/faia250496","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T15:33:47Z","timestamp":1756827227000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Two Ontological Approaches to Food Products"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4690-1221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fumiaki","family":"Toyoshima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Neuch\u00e2tel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5500-6539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrien","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), CNRS, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8844-9165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damion","family":"Dooley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada (BC)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","Formal Ontology in Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA250496","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T15:33:47Z","timestamp":1756827227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA250496"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"ISBN":["9781643686172"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/faia250496","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6389","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]}}}