{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T03:12:49Z","timestamp":1758078769178,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643686196","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper introduces a multi-method explainable artificial intelligence framework designed as a foundational step toward European Union AI Act-compliant automated ICD-10 coding. The framework integrates three complementary explainability methods: label-wise attention, SHAP and case-based reasoning. Unlike existing approaches that typically employ single explanation methods, this new framework creates a comprehensive implementation of multiple explainable techniques while implementing stratified evaluation across different data complexity levels. The architecture leverages a transformer-based model with label-wise attention aggregation. While current performance levels require further development before industry deployment, preliminary results demonstrate competitive performance with micro-F1 score of 0.565 and explanation coverage of 87.1%, establishing critical infrastructure for regulatory-compliant explainable AI in healthcare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/faia250550","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T13:19:57Z","timestamp":1758028797000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multi-Method Explainable Framework for EU Regulatory-Compliant ICD-10 Coding"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1527-8051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Bonfrisco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, University Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5256-210X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamido","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, University Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"},{"name":"College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Regional Research Center, Iwate Prefectural University, Takizawa, Japan"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Revetria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6042-0283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanan","family":"Aljuaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","New Trends in Intelligent Software Methodologies, Tools and Techniques"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA250550","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T13:19:57Z","timestamp":1758028797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA250550"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"ISBN":["9781643686196"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/faia250550","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6389","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]}}}