{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T10:33:44Z","timestamp":1770287624876,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643686318","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761004800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are transforming critical sectors such as healthcare, finance, and transportation, enhancing operational efficiency and decision-making processes. However, their deployment in high-stakes domains has exposed vulnerabilities that can result in significant societal harm. To systematically study and mitigate these risk, initiatives like the AI Incident Database (AIID) have emerged, cataloging over 3,000 real-world AI failure reports. Currently, associating a new report with the appropriate AI Incident relies on manual expert intervention, limiting scalability and delaying the identification of emerging failure patterns. To address this limitation, we propose a retrieval-based framework that automates the association of new reports with existing AI Incidents through semantic similarity modeling. We formalize the task as a ranking problem, where each report\u2014comprising a title and a full textual description\u2014is compared to previously documented AI Incidents based on embedding cosine similarity. Benchmarking traditional lexical methods, cross-encoder architectures, and transformer-based sentence embedding models, we find that the latter consistently achieve superior performance. Our analysis further shows that combining titles and descriptions yields substantial improvements in ranking accuracy compared to using titles alone. Moreover, retrieval performance remains stable across variations in description length, highlighting the robustness of the framework. Finally, we find that retrieval performance consistently improves as the training set expands. Our approach provides a scalable and efficient solution for supporting the maintenance of the AIID.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/faia251461","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:03:23Z","timestamp":1761127403000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Automating AI Failure Tracking: Semantic Association of Reports in AI Incident Database"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1095-5168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Russo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bergamo, Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, Via Pasubio 7b, Dalmine (BG), 24044, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7136-1804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gian Marco","family":"Orlando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Naples Federico II, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5941-4684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerio","family":"La Gatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University, Department of Computer Science, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0754-7696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Moscato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Naples Federico II, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","ECAI 2025"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA251461","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:03:24Z","timestamp":1761127404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA251461"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"ISBN":["9781643686318"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/faia251461","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6389","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]}}}