{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T12:10:26Z","timestamp":1764850226065,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IOS Press","isbn-type":[{"value":"9781643686387","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the devolved legal system of the United Kingdom (UK), legislative provisions may apply differently across regions such as England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Accurately determining this territorial scope is essential for legal interpretation and AI-assisted legal tools. However, metadata capturing jurisdictional applicability is inconsistently format, as only a few Acts include Territorial Application Annexes. This study presents a case study using the Education Act 2005 to evaluate the accuracy of automated methods for identifying territorial scope. We found that only 46.9% of sections matched in jurisdictional coverage. The best-performing approach achieved nearly 80% accuracy, showing that LLMs can effectively support scalable and explainable territorial disambiguation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/faia251622","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T12:05:45Z","timestamp":1764849945000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Foundations for Territorial Disambiguation in Law: A Preliminary Study Using the Education Act 2005"],"prefix":"10.3233","author":[{"given":"Safia","family":"Kanwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swansea University, UK"}]},{"given":"Livio","family":"Robaldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gujrat, PK"}]},{"given":"Hafsa","family":"Dar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gujrat, PK"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Liga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Anim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swansea University, UK"}]}],"member":"7437","container-title":["Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","Legal Knowledge and Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/pdf\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA251622","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T12:05:46Z","timestamp":1764849946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ebooks.iospress.nl\/doi\/10.3233\/FAIA251622"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]},"ISBN":["9781643686387"],"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/faia251622","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0922-6389","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-8314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]]}}}