{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:25:39Z","timestamp":1777645539949,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper we present a methodology for introducing customizable metalogic features in logic-based knowledge representation and reasoning languages. The proposed approach is based on concepts of introspection and reflection previously introduced and discussed by various authors in relevant literature. This allows a knowledge engineer to specify enhanced reasoning engines by defining properties and meta-properties of relations as expressible for instance in OWL. We employ meta-level axiom schemata based upon a naming (reification) device. We propose general principles for extending the semantics of \u201chost\u201d formalisms accordingly. Consequently, suitable pre-defined libraries of properties can be made available, while user-defined new schemata are also allowed. We make the specific cases of Answer Set Programming (ASP) and Datalog\u00b1, where such features may be part of software engineering toolkits for these programming paradigms. On the one hand, concerning ASP, we extend the programming principles and practice to accommodate the proposed methodology, so as to perform meta-reasoning within the plain ASP semantics. The computational complexity of the resulting framework does not change. On the other hand, we show how metalogic features can significantly enrich Datalog\u00b1 with minor changes to its operational semantics (provided in terms of \u201cchase\u201d) and, also in this case, no additional complexity burden.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/fi-2021-2051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,3]],"date-time":"2021-07-03T04:41:01Z","timestamp":1625287261000},"page":"71-98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Adding Metalogic Features to Knowledge Representation Languages*"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Stefania","family":"Costantini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DISIM \u2014 Universit\u00e0 di L\u2019Aquila, via Vetoio Loc. Coppito, I-67010 L\u2019Aquila, Italy. stefania.costantini@univaq.it"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Formisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DMIF \u2014 Universit\u00e0 di Udine, via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy. andrea.formisano@uniud.it"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","container-title":["Fundamenta Informaticae"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/FI-2021-2051","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:32:30Z","timestamp":1777444350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/FI-2021-2051"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Casagrande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenio G.","family":"Omodeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Proietti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/fi-2021-2051","relation":{},"ISSN":["0169-2968","1875-8681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0169-2968","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]}}}