{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T07:40:30Z","timestamp":1760341230793,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2-3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ICG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>After World War II, Germany was split into four occupation zones, from which two states arose in 1949: West Germany (officially called FRG) and East Germany (officially GDR). East Germany was under Soviet control until 1989. In both states, computer chess and chess computers followed interesting, but rather different paths. We give an overview of East German developments: on commercial chess computers, problem chess programs, the book of 1987, the Serfling tournaments, and correspondence chess pioneer Heinrich Burger. There exist important interrelations between topics. The starting point is a short description of the Cold War situation with its harsh economic consequences for the socialist states, including East Germany.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3233\/icg-200163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T13:09:53Z","timestamp":1601989793000},"page":"152-164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Computer Chess and Chess Computers in East Germany"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Ingo","family":"Alth\u00f6fer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Jena University, 07440 Jena, Germany"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/ICG-200163_ref1","unstructured":"Baumbach, F. & Burger, H. (1991). 52\u201354 Stop, Fernschach \u2026. Berlin: Sportverlag."},{"key":"10.3233\/ICG-200163_ref2","first-page":"20","article-title":"Second human-computer tournament in Gera (East Germany)","volume":"2","author":"Ehn","year":"1989","journal-title":"MODUL"},{"issue":"1989","key":"10.3233\/ICG-200163_ref6","first-page":"63","article-title":"Chess master diamond not completely unblemished","volume":"1","author":"Mally","year":"1989","journal-title":"MODUL"},{"key":"10.3233\/ICG-200163_ref7","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, H., S\u00fc\u00df, M. & Vogel, H. (2008). Die Industriespionage der DDR \u2013 Die Wissenschaftlich-technische Aufkl\u00e4rung der HVA. Berlin: Edition Ost."},{"key":"10.3233\/ICG-200163_ref8","unstructured":"Nendel, K. (2017). General der Mikroelektronik (Autobiography). Berlin: Edition Berolina."},{"key":"10.3233\/ICG-200163_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Posthoff, C., Reinemann, G., et al.\u00a0(1987). Computerschach\u2013Schachcomputer. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.","DOI":"10.1515\/9783112550106"},{"key":"10.3233\/ICG-200163_ref13","first-page":"47","article-title":"Comrade computer \u2013 human-computer tournament in Gera (East Germany)","volume":"4","author":"Serfling","year":"1988","journal-title":"MODUL"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/ICG-200163_ref15","first-page":"25","article-title":"Ein Programm zur L\u00f6sung von Schachaufgaben","volume":"7","author":"Veenker","year":"1965","journal-title":"Elektronische Rechenanlagen"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/ICG-200163_ref17","first-page":"1","article-title":"Programm zur L\u00f6sung von Schachaufgaben","volume":"7","author":"Wolf","year":"1965","journal-title":"Elektronische Rechenanlagen"}],"container-title":["ICGA Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/ICG-200163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T07:00:22Z","timestamp":1760338822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/ICG-200163"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Schaeffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/icg-200163","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-2438","1389-6911"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2468-2438"},{"type":"print","value":"1389-6911"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]}}}