{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:46:30Z","timestamp":1777697190521,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IDT"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,17]]},"DOI":"10.3233\/idt-160279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,20]],"date-time":"2016-09-20T11:06:02Z","timestamp":1474369562000},"page":"79-92","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Face recognition-based real-time system for surveillance"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Fahad Parvez","family":"Mahdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md. Mahmudul","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md. Atiqur Rahman","family":"Ahad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Mckeever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computing, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.S.M.","family":"Moslehuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pandian","family":"Vasant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","reference":[{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2991\/978-94-91216-20-6","volume-title":"Computer vision and action recognition: A guide for image processing and computer vision community for action understanding","author":"Ahad","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref2","unstructured":"Rangaswami R., Dimitrijevic Z., Kakligian K., Chang E. and Wang Y.-F., The SfinX video surveillance system, IEEE Conference on Multimedia and Expo, (2003)."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3233\/IP-2011-0249","article-title":"Video surveillance and security policy in France: From regulation to widespread acceptance","volume":"16","author":"Heilmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Information Polity"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2010.2042446","article-title":"Survey on contemporary remote surveillance systems for public safety","volume":"40","author":"R\u00e4ty","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part C: Applications and Reviews"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.5772\/7254","article-title":"An autonomous mobile robotic system for surveillance of indoor environments","volume":"7","author":"Paola","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref6","first-page":"57","article-title":"An indoor security system with a jumping robot as the surveillance terminal","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref7","first-page":"2074","article-title":"Systematic review and classification of video surveillance systems","volume":"7","author":"Chamasemani","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref8","first-page":"44","article-title":"Face recognition using self-eigenfaces","author":"Torres","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Symposium on Image\/Video Communications Over Fixed and Mobile Networks"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000013087.49260.fb","article-title":"Robust real time face detection","volume":"57","author":"Viola","year":"2001","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Vision"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref10","unstructured":"Papageorgiou C., Oren M. and Poggio T., A general framework for object detection, in: International Conference on Computer Vision, (1998)."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2007.02.021","article-title":"Robust facial feature tracking under varying face pose and facial expression","volume":"40","author":"Yan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref12","first-page":"127","article-title":"A robust face tracking method by employing color-based particle filter","volume":"16","author":"Nishina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomedical Fuzzy and Human Sciences: The Official Journal of the Biomedical Fuzzy Systems Association"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref14","first-page":"674","article-title":"An iterative image registration technique with an application to stereo vision","author":"Lucas","year":"1981","journal-title":"IJCAI"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref15","volume-title":"Detection and tracking of point features","author":"Tomasi","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi J. and Tomasi C., Good features to track, IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Jun 1994), 593-600.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1994.323794"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-247X(66)90115-6","article-title":"A Newton-Raphson method for the solution of systems of equations","volume":"15.2","author":"Ben-Israel","year":"1966","journal-title":"Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvlc.2009.01.002","article-title":"Person recognition using facial video information: A state of the art","volume":"20","author":"Matta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Visual Languages and Computing"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref19","first-page":"323","volume-title":"Face tracking and recognition in video","author":"Chellappa","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref20","unstructured":"Turk M.A. and Pentland A.P., Face recognition using eigenfaces, Proc IEEE (1991), 586-591."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1109\/34.598228","article-title":"Eigenfaces vs. fisherfaces: Recognition using class specific linear projection","volume":"19","author":"Belhumeur","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2002.804287","article-title":"Face recognition by independent component analysis","volume":"13","author":"Bartlett","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Network"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref23","unstructured":"Sharkas M. and Elenien M.A., Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces vs. ica for face recognition: A comparative study, in: 9th International Conference on Signal Processing (ICSP), Beijing, China, (2008), 914-919."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.4.000519","article-title":"A low-dimensional procedure for the characterization of human faces","volume":"4","author":"Sirovich","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Optical Soc Am A"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cox I.J., Ghosn J. and Yianilos P.N., Feature based face recognition using mixture distance, in: Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, (1996), 209-216.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1996.517076"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref27","unstructured":"Brunelli R. and Poggio T., Face recognition through geometrical features, in: Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Computer Vision, Sandini G., ed., Vol. 588, Lecture Notes In Computer Science, London, UK: Springer-Verlag, 1992, pp. 782-800."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref28","unstructured":"Cendrillon R. and Lowell B.C., Real-time face recognition using eigenfaces, in: Proceedings of the SPIE International Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing 4067 (2000), 269-276."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-01809-1","volume-title":"Boosting-based face detection and adaptation","author":"Zhang","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref30","unstructured":"Lienhart R. and Maydt J., An extended set of haar-like features for rapid object detection, in: International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Rochester, 2002."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref31","volume-title":"A survey of recent advances in face detection","author":"Zhang","year":"2010"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1109\/34.531802","article-title":"Using discriminant eigenfeatures for image retrieval","volume":"18","author":"Swets","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1109\/34.908974","article-title":"PCA versus LDA","volume":"23","author":"Martinez","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jafri R. and Arabnia H.R., A survey of face recognition techniques, Journal of Information Processing Systems 5(2) (2009), 41-68.","DOI":"10.3745\/JIPS.2009.5.2.041"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chellappa R., Wilson C.L. and Sirohey S., Human and machine recognition of faces: A survey, Proceedings of the IEEE 83 (1995), 705-740.","DOI":"10.1109\/5.381842"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref36","unstructured":"Moody J. and Darken C., Learning with localized receptive fields, in: Proceedings of the 1988 Connectionist Models Summer School, Touretzky D., Hinton G. and Sejnowski T., eds, Morgan Kaufmann, 1988, pp. 133-143."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1989.1.2.281","article-title":"Fast learning in networks of locally-tuned processing units","volume":"1","author":"Moody","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howell A. and Buxton H., Towards unconstrained face recognition from image sequences, in: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, (1996), 224-229.","DOI":"10.1109\/AFGR.1996.557268"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref39","unstructured":"McKenna S. and Gong S., Combined motion and model-based face tracking, in: Proceedings of British Machine Vision Conference, Edinburgh, UK, (1996), 755-765."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref40","first-page":"129","article-title":"Detection and tracking of facial features in video sequences","volume":"1793","author":"Feris","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (MICAI 2000)"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref41","unstructured":"de Campos T.E., Feris R.S. and Cesar R.M., Jr, A framework for face recognition from video sequences using GWN and eigenfeature selection, in: Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision, Atibaia, Brazil, (2000)."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref42","first-page":"141","article-title":"Affine real-time face tracking using a wavelet network","author":"Kruger","year":"1999","journal-title":"ICCV'99 Workshop: Recognition, Analysis, and Tracking of Faces and Gestures in R Real-Time Systems"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pentland A., Moghaddam B. and Starner T., View-based and modular eigenspaces for face recognition, in: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, (1994), 84-90.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1994.323814"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref44","unstructured":"de Campos T.E., Bloch I. and Cesar R.M., Jr, Feature selection based on fuzzy distances between clusters: First results on simulated data, in: Proceedings of International Conference on Advances on Pattern Recognition-ICAPR'2000, Lecture Notes In Computer Science. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: Springer-Verlag 2013 (2001), 186-195."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref45","volume-title":"Pattern classification and scene analysis","author":"Duda","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1109\/34.824819","article-title":"Statistical pattern recognition: A review","volume":"22","author":"Jain","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref47","unstructured":"Kr\u00fcger V. and Zhou S., Exemplar-based face recognition from video, in: Computer Vision - ECCV 2002: 7th European Conference on Computer Vision Copenhagen, Denmark, May 28-31, 2002 Proceedings, Part IV, Heyden A., Sparr G., Nielsen M. and Johansen P., eds, ed Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002, pp. 732-746."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref48","unstructured":"Zhou S., Krueger V. and Chellappa R., Face recognition from video: A condensation approach, in: Proc of Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, Washington D.C., USA, (2002), 221-228."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marcialis G.L. and Roli F., Fusion of face recognition algorithms for video-based surveillance systems, in: Multisensor Surveillance Systems: The Fusion Perspective, Foresti G.L., Regazzoni C.S. and Varshney P.K., eds, Kluwer, 2003, pp. 235-250.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0371-2_13"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref50","unstructured":"Steffens J., Elagin E. and Neven H., Person Spotter fast and robust system for human detection, tracking and recognition, in: Proceedings, International Conference on Audio- and Video-Based Person Authentication (1999), 96-101."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref51","unstructured":"Choudhry T., Clarkson B., Jebara T. and Pentland A., Multimodal person recognition using unconstrained audio and video, in: Proceedings, International Conference on Audio and Video-based Person Authentication (1999), 176-181."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2015.05.008","article-title":"Adaptive skew-sensitive ensembles for face recognition in video surveillance","volume":"48","author":"De-la-Torre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raducanu B., Bosaghzadeh A. and Dornaika F., Multi-observation face recognition in videos based on label propagation, in: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW), 2015 IEEE Conference on (7-12 June 2015), 10-17.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2015.7301349"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan N.M., Nan X., Quddus A., Rosales E. and Guan L., On video based face recognition through adaptive sparse dictionary, in: Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG), 2015 11th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on 1 (4-8 May 2015), 1-6.","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2015.7163134"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassanpour N. and Chen L., A hierarchical training and identification method using Gaussian process models for face recognition in videos, in: Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG), 2015 11th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on 1 (4-8 May 2015), 1-8.","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2015.7163097"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2015.03.011","article-title":"Face recognition on large-scale video in the wild with hybrid euclidean-and-riemannian metric learning","volume":"48","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition (PR)"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref57","first-page":"17860","article-title":"A face recognition technique for partial occluded faces in streaming video","volume":"10","author":"Ragashe","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Applied Engineering Research"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.998-999.784","article-title":"A cooperative dual-camera system for face recognition and video monitoring","volume":"998-999","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Advanced Materials Research"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"An L., Bhanu B. and Yang S., Face recognition in multi-camera surveillance videos, in: Pattern Recognition (ICPR), 2012 21st International Conference on (11-15 Nov 2012), 2885-2888.","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2012.17"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2012.01.013","article-title":"Colour invariants under a non-linear photometric camera model and their application to face recognition from video","volume":"45","author":"Arandjelovi\u0107","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref61","unstructured":"An L., Kafai M. and Bhanu B., Face recognition in multi-camera surveillance videos using dynamic Bayesian network, in: Distributed Smart Cameras (ICDSC), 2012 Sixth International Conference on (30 Oct 2012-2 Nov 2012), 1-6."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Damavandinejadmonfared S., Kernel entropy component analysis using local mean-based k-nearest centroid neighbour (LMKNCN) as a classifier for face recognition in video surveillance camera systems, in: Intelligent Computer Communication and Processing (ICCP), 2012 IEEE International Conference on (30 Aug 2012-1 Sept 2012), 253-256.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCP.2012.6356195"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref63","volume-title":"Real time KLT feature point tracking for high definition video","author":"Fassold","year":"2009"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1006\/jcss.1997.1504","article-title":"A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting","volume":"55","author":"Freund","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Computer and System Sciences"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feris R., Tian Y. and Hampapur A., Capturing people in surveillance video, Procedure IEEE Int Workshop Visual Surveillance (2007), 1-8.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383511"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.2001.0921","article-title":"Face detection: A survey","volume":"81","author":"Hjelmas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding"},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref67","unstructured":"Abramson Y., Steux B. and Ghorayeb H., YEF real-time object detection, in: International Workshop on Automatic Learning and Real-Time (ALaRT), Siegen, (2005)."},{"key":"10.3233\/IDT-160279_ref68","unstructured":"Dashore G. and Raj V.C., Efficient method for face recognition using principal component analysis (PCA), International Journal of Advanced Technology & Engineering Research, (2012)."}],"container-title":["Intelligent Decision Technologies"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/content.iospress.com\/download?id=10.3233\/IDT-160279","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:22:12Z","timestamp":1777454532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.3233\/IDT-160279"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Pandian","family":"Vasant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junzo","family":"Watada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,17]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/idt-160279","relation":{},"ISSN":["1872-4981","1875-8843"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1872-4981","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8843","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,17]]}}}